Supporting data for: Late Quaternary dynamics of Arctic biota revealed by ancient environmental metagenomics

• Main Authors: Wang, Yucheng, Pedersen, Mikkel Winther, Alsos, Inger Greve, De Sanctis, Bianca, Racimo, Fernando, Prohaska, Ana, Coissac, Eric, Owens, Hannah Lois, Merkel, Marie Kristine Føreid, Fernandez-Guerra, Antonio, Rouillard, Alexandra, Lammers, Youri, Alberti, Adriana, Denoeud, France, Money, Daniel, Ruter, Anthony H., McColl, Hugh, Larsen, Nicolaj Krog, Cherezova, Anna A., Edwards, Mary E., Fedorov, Grigory B., Haile, James, Orlando, Ludovic, Vinner, Lasse, Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand, Beilman, David W., Bjørk, Anders A., Cao, Jialu, Dockter, Christoph, Esdale, Julie, Gusarova, Galina, Kjeldsen, Kristian K., Mangerud, Jan, Rasic, Jeffrey T., Skadhauge, Birgitte, Svendsen, John-Inge, Tikhonov, Alexei, Wincker, Patrick, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Yubin, Froese, Duane G., Rahbek, Carsten, Bravo Nogues, David, Holden, Philip B., Edwards, Neil R., Durbin, Richard, Meltzer, David J., Kjær, Kurt H., Möller, Per, Willerslev, Eske
• Other Authors: Merkel, Marie K. F., UiT The Arctic University of Norway, The Research Council of Norway, Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: DataverseNO 2019
• Subjects: Earth and Environmental Sciences; Medicine; Health and Life Sciences; plant DNA; chloroplast DNA; environmental DNA; nuclear ribosomal DNA; phylogenomic; polar; genome contigs; Arctic; Alsos; permafrost; Tundra; Siberia
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.18710/3CVQAG

ALTERNATIVE DOWNLOAD FROM FILESENDER To access the data, click "Read Full Description" [+] and then click here [Dataset abstract] This dataset contains the assembled genome contigs (whole genome level) of the PhyloNorway plant database used in Wang et al. 2021 Late Quaternary Dynamics of Arctic Biota Revealed by Ancient Environmental Metagenomics. Methods for generating this database can be found in the paper. The 7 fasta files are the database. The PhyloNorway_com_acc2TaxaID.txt supplies a NCBI format acc2TaxaID file matching accession ID to NCBI TaxaID. Additional information about the database can be found in Alsos et al. 2020. [Article abstract Wang et al. submitted] During the last glacial-interglacial cycle, arctic biota experienced drastic climatic changes, yet the nature, extent and rate of their responses are not fully understood. Here we report the first large-scale environmental DNA metagenomic study of ancient plant and mammal communities using 535 permafrost and lake sediment samples from across the Arctic spanning the last 50,000 years. Additionally, we present 1,541 contemporary plant genome assemblies generated as reference sequences. Our study provides several novel insights into the long-term dynamics of the arctic biota at circumpolar and regional scales. Key findings include: (i) a relatively homogeneous steppe-tundra flora dominated the Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by regional divergence of vegetation in the Holocene; (ii) certain grazing animals consistently co-occurred in space and time; (iii) humans appear to have been a minor factor in driving animal distributions; (iv) higher effective precipitation, and an increase in the proportion of wetland plants, show negative effects on animal diversity; (v) the persistence of the steppe-tundra vegetation in northern Siberia allowed the late survival of several now-extinct megafauna species, including woolly mammoth to 3.9±0.2 ka (kilo annum Before Present) and woolly rhinoceros to 9.8±0.2 ka; and (vi) phylogenetic analysis ...