Supplementary material from "Social, not genetic, programming of development and stress physiology of a colonial seabird" ...

• Main Authors: Lemonnier, Camille, Schull, Quentin, Stier, Antoine, Boonstra, Rudy, Delahanty, Brendan, Lefol, Emilie, Durand, Laureline, Pardonnet, Sylvia, Robin, Jean-Patrice, Criscuolo, François, Bize, Pierre, Viblanc, Vincent Alexandre
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: The Royal Society 2024
• Subjects: Animal physiology - biophysics; Animal physiology - cell; Animal physiology - systems; King Penguins
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.7382257; https://rs.figshare.com/collections/Supplementary_material_from_Social_not_genetic_programming_of_development_and_stress_physiology_of_a_colonial_seabird_/7382257

Phenotypic differences often stem from genetic/maternal differences and/or early-life adaptations to local environmental conditions. In colonial animals, little is known on how variation in the social environment is embedded into individual phenotypes, nor what the consequences are on individual fitness. We conducted an experimental cross-fostering study on king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), exchanging eggs among 134 pairs breeding in high-density (67 pairs) or low-density (67 pairs) areas of the same breeding colony. We investigated differences in parent and chick phenotypes and survival in relation to the density of their origin and foster environment. Adults breeding in colony areas of high density exhibited decreased resting behavior and increased aggression and vigilance, increased hypometabolism during incubation fasts, and more moderate CORT responses to chronic stressors (e.g., constant aggression by neighbors). Chick phenotypes were more influenced by the environment in which they were reared ...