Southern Hemisphere tropospheric westerly jet: 1979-present

• Main Author: Bracegirdle, Thomas
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: Polar Data Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK 2018
• Subjects: "EARTH SCIENCE","EARTH SCIENCE","ATMOSPHERE","ATMOSPHERIC WINDS","UPPER LEVEL WINDS","BOUNDARY LAYER WINDS"; "EARTH SCIENCE","EARTH SCIENCE","ATMOSPHERE","ATMOSPHERIC WINDS","SURFACE WINDS"; Southern Ocean; Dee
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5285/3952a4fe-683a-42e7-a074-bdec41c8ab16; https://data.bas.ac.uk/full-record.php?id=GB/NERC/BAS/PDC/01058

This dataset documents the trends and variability in the latitude and strength of the belt of lower-atmosphere westerly winds over the Southern Ocean, referred to as the 'westerly jet'. Time series of annual mean and seasonal diagnostics are available for the period 1979-present, specifically time series of seasonal and annual mean jet latitude and strength. The diagnostics are derived from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis (for more information see www.ecmwf.int and Dee et al. (2011)), which is an observationally-constrained reconstruction of atmospheric conditions. The broad characterisation of the westerly winds into these simple diagnostics has been found to be useful for understanding long-term climate change due to contrasting drivers of change and impacts on other aspects of the climate system. This is an index of winds around the full circumference of all longitudes at Southern Hemisphere middle latitudes. The exact latitude depends on the position of the jet at any given time, but on average the jet (the core of the westerlies) is located at approximately 52 deg S. : The files' names refer to seasonal or annual data of the latitude or strength of the jet, where: ann = Annual djf = December January February mam = March April May jja = June July August son = September October November