Paracladopelma Harnisch

• Main Authors: Yan, Chuncai, Jin, Zhaohui, Wang, Xinhua
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2008
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Chironomidae; Paracladopelma; Arctic; Indian; Beck; Thumb; Seta; Combs
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6228169; https://zenodo.org/record/6228169

Key to the males of Paracladopelma Harnisch 1. Inferior volsella absent................................................................................................................................. 2 - Inferior volsella present............................................................................................................................... 4 2. Gonostylus swollen basally; AR> 3.0. Afrotropical ............................................. P. rhodesianum (Kieffer) - Gonostylus parallel-sided basally; AR <2.0............................................................................................... 3 3. Body black; superior volsella bilobed; anal point swollen apically. Afrotropical. .... P. pullatum (Freeman) - Body green; superior volsella pediform; anal point swollen medially. Afrotropical, Palaearctic................ .............................................................................................................................. P. graminicolor (Kieffer) 4. Superior volsella long, slender, spatulate.................................................................................................... 5 - Superior volsella wide, fist-shaped, pad-shaped, pediform or globe-shaped.............................................. 6 5. Superior volsella straight; margins of tergite IX shoulder-like. Afrotropical. ......... P. melutense (Freeman) - Superior volsella curved; margins of tergite IX conical. Afrotropical. ............................ P. reidi (Freeman) 6. Superior volsella with bare sclerotized process at apex. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ..... P. tamanipparai Sasa - Superior volsella without bare sclerotized process at apex........................................................................ 7 7. Superior volsella with well sclerotized dorsolateral surface, mid-ventrally with pubescent lobe and medi- ally with 2 strong protruding setae.............................................................................................................. 8 - Superior volsella deeply split into bare membranous dorsal lobe and setigerous ventral lobe or superior volsella sclerotized differently..................................................................................................................... 9 8. Superior volsella with pointed apex; anal point strongly swollen. Palaearctic............................................. ................................................................................ P. mikianum (Goetghebuer) and P. schlitzense (Ringe) - Superior volsella with rounded apex; anal point weakly swollen. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian......................... ....................................................................................................................... P. nudiappendiculata (Kawai) 9. Superior volsella deeply split into bare membranous dorsal lobe and setigerous ventral lobe................ 10 - Superior volsella without membranous dorsal lobe, or when membranous dorsal lobe present, it is largely fused with ventral part, not deeply split into two separated lobes............................................................. 11 10. Dorsal lobe of superior volsella globe-shaped. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ..................... P. globosum Zorina - Dorsal lobe of superior volsella pediform. Holarctic, Sino-Indian. .................................. P. doris (Townes) 11. Superior volsella fist-shaped, not expanded into pad-shaped, clavate or pediform apical part. P. nigritulum group.......................................................................................................................................................... 12 - Superior volsella expanded into a pad-shaped, clavate or pediform apical part. P. camptolabis group... 14 12. Superior volsella without membranous dorsal lobe, with membranous ventral lobe, dorsalateral surface sclerotized and separated from weakly sclerotized ventralmesal surface by a well-sclerotized ridge. Palae- arctic, Sino-Indian. ........................................................................................... P. nigritulum (Goetghebuer) - Superior volsella with membranous, bare, dorsal lobe, remainder uniformly sclerotized........................ 13 13. Gonostylus evenly curved; dorsal lobe of superior volsella small. Holarctic........... P. galaptera (Townes) - Gonostylus most strongly curved in apical half; dorsal lobe of superior volsella about as large as ventral lobe. Nearctic .................................................................................................................. P. winnelli Jackson 14. Combs of mid- and hind tibia with one spur.............................................................................................. 15 - Combs of mid- and hind tibia with two spurs............................................................................................ 20 15. Inferior volsella subquadrangular, with single projection. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian.......... P. crenum sp. n. - Inferior volsella rounded, without projection............................................................................................ 16 16. Inferior volsella well developed, with pointed mid-posterior corner........................................................ 17 - Inferior volsella with rounded lobe, without pointed mid-posterior corner.............................................. 18 17. Anal point expanded distally. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian........................................... P. laminatum (Kieffer) - Anal point parallel-sided. Afrotropical ......................................................................... P. brincki (Freeman) 18. Tergite IX with continuous Y-shaped bands. Holarctic, Sino-Indian. .................... P. camptolabis (Kieffer) - Tergite IX lacking continuous Y-shaped bands, at most with narrow line................................................ 19 19. Tergite IX longer than wide, with weak longitudinal ridge; superior volsella symmetrically clavate. Hol- arctic, Sino-Indian. .............................................................................................................. P. nais (Townes) - Tergite IX shorter than wide, without longitudinal ridge; superior volsella distinctly pediform. Nearctic.. ............................................................................................................................................ P. nixe (Townes) 20. Inferior volsella with long setae................................................................................................................. 21 - Inferior volsella without long setae.......................................................................................................... 22 21. Superior volsella pad-shaped; inferior volsella constricted apically, with one seta. Australasian............... .................................................................................................................................... P. angusta (Freeman) - Superior volsella pediform; inferior volsella expanded apically, with 14–16 setae. Sino-Indian................ ................................................................................................................. P. diutinistyla Dutta et Chaudhuri 22. Inferior volsella with two lobes. Sino-Indian....................................................................... P. b i n u m sp. n. - Inferior volsella with single lobe............................................................................................................... 23 23. Inferior volsella quadrangular. Holarctic, Sino-Indian.................................................. P. undine (Townes) - Inferior volsella rounded............................................................................................................................ 24 24. Superior volsella with dorsal and ventral lobes......................................................................................... 25 - Superior volsella with single dorsal lobe.................................................................................................. 26 25. Tergite IX bands forming a straight line; anal point expanded in distal half. Sino-Indian........................... .................................................................................................. P. sacculifera Chaudhuri et Chattopadhyay - Tergite IX bands V-shaped; anal point strongly broadened apically. Sino-Indian. ............. P. digitum sp. n. 26. Superior volsella covered with microtrichia on inner margin, lateral half bare........................................ 27 - Superior volsella entirely covered with microtrichia................................................................................. 29 27. Superior volsella plough-shaped; inferior volsella with thumb-like projection. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian... ...................................................................................................................................... P. kuramaclara Sasa - Superior volsella pediform or fist-shaped; inferior volsella without projection........................................ 28 28. Gonostylus swollen medially; AR 1.08; LR 1 2.06. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. .................... P. pugna Kawai - Gonostylus slightly constricted medially; AR 1.41–1.63; LR 1 1.64–1.67. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian........... ................................................................................................................ P. furudoprimum Sasa et Arakawa 29. Superior volsella plough-shaped. Sino-Indian. ................................ P. aratra Chaudhuri et Chattopadhyay - Superior volsella not plough-shaped......................................................................................................... 30 30. Tergite IX bands without median longitudinal ridge................................................................................. 31 - Tergite IX bands with median longitudinal ridge...................................................................................... 32 31. Anal point with ridge extending to tergite IX. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian...................... P. tamahikawai Sasa - Anal point without ridge extending to tergite IX. Holarctic, Sino-Indian...................... P. n e re i s (Townes) 32. Tergite IX bands not united with longitudinal ridge mesally..................................................................... 33 - Tergite IX bands united with longitudinal ridge mesally........................................................................... 34 33. Superior volsella with rounded apex and inconspicuous stem; tergite IX with pair of short ridges lateral to mid longitudinal ridge. Nearctic............................................................................... P. alphaeus (Sublette) - Superior volsella with pointed apex and conspicuous stem; tergite IX without pair of ridges lateral to mid longitudinal ridge. Nearctic. ................................................................................ P. longanae Beck et Beck 34. Tergite IX bands T-shaped; apex of superior volsella with curved setae. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian............. ........................................................................................................................................... P. cirratum sp. n. - Tergite IX bands Y-shaped; apex of superior volsella with straight, short setae....................................... 35 35. Superior volsella symmetrical, pad-shaped............................................................................................... 36 - Superior volsella asymmetrical, pediform................................................................................................. 38 36. Anal point tapering apically. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. .......................................... P. hibarasecundum Sasa - Anal point parallel-sided or expanded subapically.................................................................................... 37 37. Gonostylus widest at about distal 1 / 3; anal point nearly parallel-sided; R 1 bare. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ........................................................................................................................ P. pseudocamptolabis Zorina - Gonostylus widest medially; anal point widest subapically; R 1 with 12–13 setae. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ...................................................................................................................................... P. urkanensis Zorina 38. Superior volsella inflexed. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ....................................................... P. augustus Zorina - Superior volsella evenly curved................................................................................................................. 39 39. Anal point expanded distally; R 4 + 5 with 1 seta at apex. Sino-Indian......................................... P. b u i sp. n. - Anal point expanded medially; R 4 + 5 with 26–33 setae. Palaearctic, Sino-Indian. ........... P. jacksoni Zorina : Published as part of Yan, Chuncai, Jin, Zhaohui & Wang, Xinhua, 2008, Paracladopelma Harnisch from the Sino-Indian Region (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 1934 on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184929