Eudendrium rameum Pallas 1766
Eudendrium rameum (Pallas, 1766) Fig. 21 A–C See Schuchert (2008 b) for a complete synonymy. Material examined. HCUS-S 0 26 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula). Description (based on our own observations; Marques et al. 2000 a; Schuchert 2008 b, 2012): Hydroid...
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2015
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Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6106978 https://zenodo.org/record/6106978 |
Summary: | Eudendrium rameum (Pallas, 1766) Fig. 21 A–C See Schuchert (2008 b) for a complete synonymy. Material examined. HCUS-S 0 26 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula). Description (based on our own observations; Marques et al. 2000 a; Schuchert 2008 b, 2012): Hydroid. Hydrorhiza root-like, creeping; colonies erect, large (up to 25 cm), usually tree-like with a thick trunk; hydrocaulus polysiphonic, branched, with thick perisarc, ringed basally on secondary branches; hydrocladia sinuous to straight; hydranths on ringed pedicels; hypostome bulbous; with 20–24 filiform tentacles in one whorl. Gonophores as fixed sporosacs, ovoid, short-stalked, borne on and below hydranths; males (up to 12 per hydranth) in a dense whorl around body of hydranth, with one to three chambers each, without terminal nematocyst clusters; females (up to 16 per hydranth) with a spadix, fertilized eggs lose spadix and become encapsulated in perisarc membrane. Colours: dark brown perisarc, hydranths pale; sporosacs yellow. Cnidome. Heterotrichous microbasic euryteles (23 x 8 to 25 x 8) on hypostome, hydranth and on the hydrocaulus; shaft thin, straight, occupying totally the capsule; small heterotrichous microbasic euryteles (8 x 4) on tentacles and ectoderm. Habitat type. Mostly recorded in depths from a few meters to about 100 m on hard bottoms (Christiansen 1972; Marinopoulos 1981; Piraino et al. 1999; Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa 2002; Puce et al. 2009). Substrate. Algae, bryozoans and anthozoans, and it is used in turn as substratum by numerous species of hydroids. Seasonality. Almost always present in the whole Mediterranean Sea (Schuchert 2008 b). Reproductive period. Fertile colonies from the Mediterranean have been found in the months January, April, September (Marques et al . 2000 b; Schuchert 2008 b), June–September (Bouillon et al . 2004); November (Puce et al. 2009). Distribution. This species has been recorded in almost all oceans (Millard 1977; Marques et al. 2000 a, b; Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa 2002; Schuchert 2001 a, 2008 b). Records in Salento. Rare at Otranto (De Vito 2002; this study). Remarks. This species is probably a declining one (Bouillon et al. 2004). According to Moura et al . (2008) preliminary molecular data demonstrate that the current concept of E. rameum comprises several lineages and also several species. References. Rossi (1971), Gili (1986), Cornelius & Ryland (1990), Marinopoulos (1990, 1992), Riedl (1991), Medel & López-González (1996), Marques et al. (2000 a, b), Schuchert (2001 a), Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa (2002), Bouillon et al. (2004), De Vito (2002), Schuchert (2008 b, 2012). : Published as part of Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando, 2015, The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide, pp. 1-187 in Zootaxa 3908 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/242729 : {"references": ["Schuchert, P. (2008 b) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 4. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (4), 677 - 757.", "Marques, A. C., Cantero, A. L. P. & Vervoort, W. (2000 a) Mediterranean species of Eudendrium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Hydrozoa, Anthomedusae, Eudendriidae) with the description of a new species. Journal of Zoology, 252 (2), 197 - 213. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0952836900009936", "Schuchert, P. (2012) Athecate Hydroids and their Medusae. Synopses of the British Fauna, New Series, 59, i - viii, 364 pp.", "Christiansen, B. O. (1972) The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20 (4), 279 - 310.", "Marinopoulos, J. (1981) Contribution a la connaissence des Hydraires profonds de la Mediterranee. Rapports et Proces Verbaux des Reunions, Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 27 (2), 175 - 176.", "Piraino, S., Brandini, E., Denitto, F., Esposito, L. & Avian, M. (1999) La diversita degli Cnidari nella riserva marina di Ustica. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 6 (1), 272 - 274.", "Pena Cantero, A. L. & Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180.", "Marques, A. C., Mergner, H., Hoinghaus, R., Santos, C. M. D. & Vervoort, W. 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Quaderni della Civica Stazione Idrobiologica di Milano, 2, 1 - 101.", "Cornelius, P. F. S. & Ryland, J. S. (1990) Class Hydrozoa. In: Hayward, P. J. & Ryland, J. S. (Eds.), The marine fauna of the British Isles and NorthWest Europe. Introduction and Protozoans to Arthropods. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 107 - 158.", "Marinopoulos, J. (1990) Le genre Eudendrium (Cnidaria): revision des especes mediterraneennes. Rapports et Proces Verbaux des Reunions, Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, 32 (1), 311.", "Marinopoulos, J. (1992) Contribution a l'etude du genre Eudendrium (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) de la Mediterranee: taxonomie et phylogenie. In: Bellan, D. (Ed.), Speciation et biogeographie en mer Mediterranee. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique Monaco, N \u00b0 Special 9, pp. 53 - 66.", "Riedl, R. (1991) Fauna e flora del Mediterraneo. Muzio (Ed.), Padova, 777 pp.", "Medel, M. D. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209."]} |
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