Echinocardium cordatum Pennant 1777

• Main Authors: Filander, Zoleka, Griffiths, Charles
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2017
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Echinodermata; Echinoidea; Spatangoida; Loveniidae; Echinocardium; Echinocardium cordatum; Norway; New Zealand; Forbes; Northern Norway
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022914; https://zenodo.org/record/6022914

Echinocardium cordatum (Pennant, 1777) Fig. 69 A–E. Amphidotus cordatus : Forbes, 1841: 190 –193. Echinocardium cordatum : A. Agassiz, 1872: 109; 349. Pl. XIX, Figs 10–17. Pl. XX, Figs 5–7; Döderlein, 1910: 248; H.L. Clark, 1923 *: 405. Pl. XIII; H.L. Clark, 1925a: 232 –233; Mortensen, 1951: 152 –157. Pl. XVIII, Figs 6, 7. (1–3, 8); Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976: 251 –252; Schultz, 2010: 411 –412, Figs 772–774; Branch et al. , 2010: 236, Fig. 106.5. Echinocardium australe. A. Agassiz, 1872 –74: 109; 580. Pl. XXXVII, Fig. 15; Bell, 1904: 174. Material examined. MBC-A077941; MBC-A 022287; MBC-A 022288; MBC-A 022289; MBC-A 022293; MBC- A023309; MBC-A023402; MBC-A027879; MBC-A077955; MBC-A077956; MBC-A077959; MBC-A077963; MBC-A077961; MBC-A077962; MBC-A077958; MBC-A077957; MBC-A077960; MBC-A077954; A27739; A6457; MBC-A077965; MBC-A077966; MBC-A077967; MBC-A077968; MBC-A077969; MBC-A077970; MBC-A077971; MBC-A078006; A 22354; A 22355; MBC-A 022287; MBC-A 022288; MBC-A 022289; MBC- A 022293. Identification. Test moderately high, with deep anterior notch. Apical disc posteriorly positioned. Anterior ambulacrum distinctively sunken, two-series of irregularly arranged, large pores, associated with tube feet; paired petals sunken, wide at internal fasciole, tapering distally. Periproct opening at truncated end, variable in shape. Internal fasciole conspicuously long, subanal fasciole shield-shaped, with four pore-pairs, pointed at end; anal fasciole extending along periproct, onto upper side, separated from subanal fasciole. Spines uniform. Live specimen brownish, denuded test white. Global maximum size. Maximum test length 90 mm. Global distribution. From northern Norway along European coasts into Mediterranean and Morocco, South Africa, Japan, New Zealand and southern Australia; from littoral to 500 m (Döderlein 1910; Schultz 2010). Remarks. Samples identified through current study extend previously known distribution northwards towards Sodwana Bay. Differs from E. capense in large shield shape internal fasciole and frontal notch. : Published as part of Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles, 2017, Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4296 (1) on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/843325 : {"references": ["Pennant, T., (1777) British Zoology. Vol. 4. Crustacea, Mollusca, Testacea. Benjamin White, London, 156 pp.", "Forbes, E. A. (1841) A History of British Starfishes and other Animals of the Class Echinodermata. John van Voorst, London, 267 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2129", "Agassiz, A. (1872) Revision of the Echini. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3, 1 - 378.", "Doderlein, L. (1910) Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea. In: Schultze, L. (Ed.), Zoologische und Anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Sudafrika ausgefuhrt 1903 - 1905 (Jenaer Denkschrift 16), 4 (1), pp. 246 - 258.", "Clark, H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13 (7), 221 - 435.", "Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London, 250 pp.", "Mortensen, T. (1951) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. V. 2. Spatangoida. II. Amphisternata. III. Spatangidae, Loveniidae, Pericosnizidae, Schizateridae, Brissidae. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 593 pp.", "Clark, A. & Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The Echinoderms of Southern Africa. Publication no. 766. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp.", "Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp.", "Branch, G. M., Griffiths, C. L., Branch, M. L. & Beckley, L. (2010) Two Oceans: a Guide to the Marine Life of southern Africa. Struik Nature, Cape Town, 456 pp.", "Bell, F. J. (1904) The Echinodermata found off the coast of South Africa. I. Echinoidea. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 3, 167 - 175."]}