Ariadna tarsalis Banks 1902

• Main Authors: Giroti, André Marsola, Brescovit, Antonio Domingos
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2018
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Arachnida; Araneae; Segestriidae; Ariadna; Ariadna tarsalis; Galapagos; Guano; Brooklyn; Pisco; Molina; Crater Lake; Libertad; Darwin Island; Meneses
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987879; https://zenodo.org/record/5987879

Ariadna tarsalis Banks, 1902 Figures 6, 32‒33, 69 Ariadna tarsalis Banks, 1902: 57, pl. 1, fig. 9 (Immature holotype from Culpepper Island (currently Darwin Island) [01°40'01"N; 91°59'56"W], Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, N. Banks leg., deposited in MCZ 23235, examined). — Beatty (1970: 474).— World Spider Catalog (2018). Dysdera murphyi Chamberlin, 1920: 38 (♀ holotype from Chinchas Island [13°38'24"S; 76°24'00"W], Ica, Peru, 12.X.1919, R.C. Murphy leg., deposited in MCZ, not examined; Paratypes: 2♀, same data from holotype, deposited in AMNH, examined).— Bonnet (1956: 1631).— NEW SYNONYMY . Ariadna murphyi — Beatty (1970: 467, Transf. from Dysdera ).— World Spider Catalog (2018). Ariadna peruviana Beatty, 1970: 467, figs 34‒35, 39 (♂ holotype from Lima [12°02'06"S; 77°01'07"W], "in haus", Lima, Peru, 1939, Weyrauch leg., deposited in MCZ 22634, examined; Paratypes: 1♀ 1imm., same data from holotype, deposited in MCZ 46053); 1 imm. from Jequetepeque [07°25'S; 79°30'W], La Libertad, Peru, 15.II.1965, L. Peña leg., deposited in MCZ 46054; 4♀ de La Molina [12°04'40"S; 76°54'40"W], 250m, Lima, Peru, I.1961, R. Garcia leg., deposited in MCZ 20277, all examined—all specimens labeled as “ A. andromeda ” ).— Beatty (1970: 485, Syn.). Synonymy. Beatty (1970) distinguished A. murphyi from A. tarsalis and A. peruviana based on the macrosetae of the metatarsal comb found in legs IV. This character has a low value in species diagnosis due to its variation, even in the legs of the same specimen. After the examination of type specimens of A. tarsalis , A. peruviana and A. murphyi , it was found that the last ones could be considered junior-synonyms of A. tarsalis . Despite of the variation on the legs I‒II macrosetae pattern present in the three species, we could not find differences in the morphology of the male and female genitalia. In 1970, Beatty describes Ariadna peruviana from Lima, Peru, but in the appendix on the end of the study, he synonymizes this species with A. tarsalis , based in specimens posteriorly received from Galapagos Islands. He considered them similar of those found in Lima. In this revision, this hypothesis is corroborated. Additional material examined: ECUADOR: GALAPAGOS ISLANDS: Darwin Island: [01°40'01"N; 91°59'56"W], 1♂ 14♀ 5imm., 29.I.1964, D.Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 9039512; 9039520); Pinta Island: S. Coast [00°36'S; 90°39'W], 6♀ 5imm., 25.V.1964, D.Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 903 9504); Playa Ibbetson [00°36'S; 90°39'W], 40m, open Bursera forest, 1♂, 13‒33. III.1992, S. Peck leg. (RBINS); 710ft. Asl., 1♀ 1imm., 8.II.1982, Y. D. Lubin leg. (MCZ 46069); Santiago Island: NW Slope [00°15'S; 90°42'W], 600m, 1♀ 1imm., 30.V.1964, D.Q. Cavagnaro leg. (CAS 9039531); N-flank, 200m, 2♀, 4.III.1986, L. Baert et al. leg. (RBINS); 1imm., VIII.1924, P.H. Johnson leg. (NHM 1926.I.24.24); Isabela Island: Punta Albermale [00°30'S; 91°04'W], SW of old US radar site, ± 10m, 1♀, 28.III.1970, R. Silberglied leg. (MCZ 46066); San Cristobal Island: vic. " El Junco " (crater lake) [00°48'S; 89°24'W], alt. ± 700m, 1♂, 15‒16.IV.1970, R. Silberglied leg. (MCZ 46149); Santa Fé Island: South Coast [00°49'12"S; 90°03'36"W], 1♀, 30.I.1983, Y.D. Lubin leg. (MCZ 46068); ECUADOR CONTINENTAL: Azuay Province: Cuenca [02°53'57''S; 79°00'55''W], Lago Zurucuchu, 11 mi. W of Cuenca, 1♀, 16.XI.1955, E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross leg. (AMNH); Cuenca [02°53'57''S; 79°00'55''W], 1♀ 1imm., D.L. & H.E. Frizzel. leg. (CAS 9039534); PERU: Piura Department: Negritos [04°39'14"S; 81°18'16"W], 1♂ 1♀, III.1941, H.E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039505); 6♀ 4imm., 18.XI.1939 (CAS 9039509); 6♀ 21imm., 12.X.1941 (CAS 9039539); 1♀, XI.1939 (CAS 9039543); 5♀ 3imm., 7.XI.1939, D.L. & H.E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039530); 1♂, VIII.1939 (CAS 9039547); 1♀, 5.I.1942, B. Vivas leg. (CAS 9039553); Pariñas Valley, 15km NE of Negritos, 1♀, 16.X.1938, D.L. & H.E. Frizzel leg. (CAS 9039551); Ancash Department: Huarmey [10°04'07"S; 78°09'37"W], Huacho, 1♀ 1imm., 23.I.1984, G. Mayo leg. (MUSM 0504968); Lima Department: Mazorca Island (11°23'10''S; 77°44'26''W), 2♂ 4imm., II.1978, D. Duffey leg. (AMNH); Matucana [11°50'41"S; 76°23'10"W], 2389m, 1♀, 30.IX.1952, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504969); Lima [12°02'06"S; 77°01'07"W], Interior MUSM ‒ Entomologia, 1♂, 7.X.2009, D. Silva-Dávila leg. (MUSM 0504972); Lima [12°02'06"S; 77°01'07"W], Interior do Museo, 31♀ 2imm., IX.1948, Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504980); Lima, Barbones [12°03'16"S; 77°00'35"W], 1♂ 8♀ 2imm., 22.IV.1948, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504979); Lima, Chorrillos [12°10'S; 77°02'W], 20♀ 2imm., 12.X.1954, F. Blancas leg. (MUSM 0504981); Lima [12°02'06"S; 77°01'07"W], 1♀, VI.1967, C. del Cicuillo & Dr. Meneses leg. (IBSP 3012); 3♂1♀, 1939, Weyrauch leg. (CAS 9039516); same locality, 1imm., 9.I.1955, E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross leg. ( A. peruviana, paratype, not included in Beatty (1970), AMNH); same locality, 1imm., 10.I.1965, unknown collector (MACN-Ar 21362); Lunahuana, 423m (12°59'09.2"S; 76°09'29.2"W), 2♂ 5♀ 1imm., 18. VI.2012, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 166777); Carretera Canta km36 [11°28'S; 76°37'W], 1♀, I.1968, Q. Meneses leg. (IBSP 3013); Ica Department: Pisco, South Chincha Island [13°38'76"S; 76°24'00"W], 2♀ 4imm., 23.II.1935 (AMNH); Ica [14°04'S; 75°44'W], Casallai Pisco, 1♂ 1♀ (MUSM 0504974). Diagnosis. Ariadna tarsalis is similar to A. obscura , A. arthuri , A. multispinosa , A. reginae n. sp. and A. aurea n. sp. due to the morphology of the male metatarsi I (Figs 6A‒D, 16C‒E, 32C‒E, 38C‒E, 54C‒E, 56C‒E) and macrosetae pattern of the tibia I‒II of females, but differ by the presence of males with metatarsi I with two apophyses on the proximal region, bearing thick macrosetae and a ventro-prolateral truncated macroseta on the distal region (Fig. 6A‒D, 32C‒E); females differ, except from A. multispinosa , by the presence of the anterior receptaculum with very sinuous lobes, and extremities in opposite direction; it differs from A. multispinosa by presenting more elongated lobes (Fig. 33C‒D). Description. Male (Playa Ibbetson, Pinta Island—RBINS). Carapace and chelicerae brownish orange (Fig. 32A). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange, with darker margins (Fig. 32B). Palps yellow (Fig. 33A‒B). Legs yellow, with pairs I‒II darker (Fig. 32C‒E). Abdomen light grey, darker dorsally (Fig. 32A‒B). Total length 8.08; carapace 3.96 long, 2.56 wide. Chelicerae projected (Fig. 32A). Palps: tibia incrassated, with dorso-ventral diameter slightly shorter than the bulb; rounded bulb, mid-portion slightly shorter than the embolus; embolus tubular, curved and tapered (Fig. 33A‒B). Legs: robust and coated with setae (Fig. 32C‒E); tibia I with the distal ventro-retrolateral macroseta lanceolated and sinuous (Fig. 32D); tarsal brush of putative chemosensory setae present in legs I‒IV, but reduced in pair I and IV. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.92, patella 1.44, tibia 3.24, metatarsus 3.12, tarsus 0.92, total 12.64; II, 3.72, 1.32, 3.12, 3.2, 0.88, 12.24; III, 2.68, 1.12, 2.04, 2.16, 0.72, 8.72; IV, 3.12, 1.44, 2.64, 2.48, 0.8, 10.48. Macrosetae: I, femur D0-0-0-2/1-0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-2/1- 1-0; tibia D0-0-0-0-0-1-0, P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1/0-0-0, vr2-1-1-1-1-1-1-1(lanceolated), R0-1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus P0-0-1(truncated/apophysis)-0-0-0-0, vp1-0-0-0-0-0-1(truncated), vr0-0-0-0-0-0-1, R1(digitiform/ apophysis)-0-0-0-0-0-0 (Fig. 6A‒B, 32C‒E); II, femur D0-0/1-1-1/2-0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-1-1-0; tibia D0-0-0-0-0-1/0- 0, P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1/0-0-1/0, vr2-0-1-0-1-0-1, R1-0-1-1-1/0-1-0; metatarsus P0-1-0-0-0-0-0, vp1-0-0-1- 0-0-1, vr1-0-0-1-0-0-1, R1-0-1-0-1-0-0; IV, femur D2/1-1-1-1-0/1-1-0/1-1-0-0; tibia vp0-0-0-0-0-0-1, vr0-0-0-0-0- 0-1; metatarsus P0-0-0-1/0-0-0-1, vp0-0-0-1-0-0-1, vr metatarsal comb with 2 macrosetae. Female (N-flank, Santiago Island—RBINS). Carapace brownish orange; chelicerae dark brownish orange (Fig. 32F‒G). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange, with darker margins, and three pairs of fainted dark marginal areas (Fig. 32G). Palps orange, gradually darkening to distal direction (Fig. 32F‒G). Legs orange, with pairs I‒II darker; metatarsi and tarsi of legs I‒II reddish brown (Fig. 32H‒I). Abdomen as in male (Fig. 32F‒G). Total length 9.52; carapace 4.44 long, 2.88 wide. Carapace with cephalic region elevated. Chelicerae not projected (Fig. 32F). Legs: robust and coated with setae; legs I‒II with ventro-prolateral and ventro-retrolateral tibial and metatarsal macrosetae of different sizes (Fig. 32H‒I). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.04, patella 1.4, tibia 2.36, metatarsus 2.08, tarsus 0.6, total 9.48; II, 2.8, 1.4, 2.36, 2.0, 0.68, 9.24; III, 2.28, 1.2, 1.6, 1.56, 0.6, 7.24; IV, 2.8, 1.48, 2.44, 1.84, 0.64, 9.2. Macrosetae: I, femur D0-0-0-0-0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-1/2-1-0; tibia P1-0-0-0-0-0-0, vp1-1-1-1-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1, R0-1-0-1-0-1/0-0 (Fig. 32H‒I); metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1- 1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1; II, femur D0-0-0-0-0-1-0, P0-0-0-0-0-0-1-0; tibia P0-1/0-0-0/1-0-0-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1, R0-1/0-0-0-0-0-0; metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1/0-1-1-1; IV, metatarsus vp0-0-0-0- 0-0-1, vr metatarsal comb with 3 macrosetae. Internal genitalia: anterior receptaculum with the dorsal lobe shorter than the ventral lobe, and glandular ducts plate in the median region of the receptaculum, not expanded (Fig. 33C‒D). Variation. Male (n=10): Total length 5.04‒8.08; carapace 2.48‒3.96 long, 1.84‒2.64 wide; femur I 2.36‒4.0. Macrosetae: I, tibia D0-0-0-0-0-1-0, P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-0-0-0, vr1/2-0-1-0-1-0-1(lanceolated), R0-1-0-1-0- 1-0; II, tibia D0-0-0-0-0-1-0, P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp0-0-0-0-0-0-1, vr2-0-1-0-1-0-1, R1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0. Female (n=10): Total length 7.4-12.8; carapace 3.45-5.12 long, 2.25-3.44 wide; femur I 2.7‒4.24. Macrosetae: I, tibia P0-1-0-1-0- 1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0, R0-1-0-1-0-1-0; II, tibia P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vr1-0-1-0- 1-0-1-0, R0-1-0-1-0-1-0. Distribution. Ecuador (Galapagos Islands and Azuay) and west of Peru (Fig. 69). : Published as part of Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2018, The taxonomy of the American Ariadna Audouin (Araneae: Synspermiata: Segestriidae), pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 4400 (1) on pages 53-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4400.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1207641 : {"references": ["Banks, N. (1902) Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos Expedition; 1898 - 1899. VII. Entomological Results (6). Arachnida. With field notes by Robert E. Snodgrass. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 4, 49 - 86.", "Beatty, J. A. (1970) The spider genus Ariadna in the Americas (Araneae, Dysderidae). 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