Pseudopolydesmus canadensis CANADENSIS (NEWPORT 1844
PSEUDOPOLYDESMUS CANADENSIS (NEWPORT, 1844) (FIGS 7, 13–14) Polydesmus canadensis Newport, 1844: 265, immature ♀ HT (BMNH, non vidi). – Gervais, 1847: 106. – de Saussure & Humbert, 1870: 52. Pseudopolydesmus canadensis – [Withrow, 1988: 89, figs 55, 61, 70–73, 76, 109, 114, 122–126, m...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Text |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Zenodo
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5718975 https://zenodo.org/record/5718975 |
Summary: | PSEUDOPOLYDESMUS CANADENSIS (NEWPORT, 1844) (FIGS 7, 13–14) Polydesmus canadensis Newport, 1844: 265, immature ♀ HT (BMNH, non vidi). – Gervais, 1847: 106. – de Saussure & Humbert, 1870: 52. Pseudopolydesmus canadensis – [Withrow, 1988: 89, figs 55, 61, 70–73, 76, 109, 114, 122–126, map 6, tables 9–11.] – Hoffman, 1999: 443 (= Po. glaucescens Po. nitidus Po. branneri Po. echinogon Po. conlatus D. sylvicolens D.christianus D. catskillus D.phanus D. gausodicrorhachus ). – Shelley, 2000: 246. Polydesmus glaucescens C. L. Koch, 1847: 133, types unknown. – Koch, 1863a: 59, pl. 26: fig. 51. Pseudopolydesmus glaucescens – Attems, 1940: 141, uncertain placement. Polydesmus nitidus Bollman, 1887a: 45, ♂ / ♀ ST (not located at USNM, non vidi). Dixidesmus nitidus – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 67. Polydesmus branneri Bollman, 1887b: 620, ♂ HT (USNM, vidi). – Loomis, 1943: 405, fig. 16, pl. 1: fig. 4. Dixidesmus branneri – Loomis & Hoffman, 1948: 54 (= Polydesmus conlatus Dixidesmus christianus ). – Hoffman, 1950: 223. – Causey, 1952: 7. – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 65. Pseudopolydesmus branneri – Hoffman, 1974: 346, fig. 3. – Shelley, 1988: 1651, figs 27, 31 (= Dixidesmus catskillus D. gausodicrorhacus [sic]). Polydesmus echinogon Chamberlin, 1942b: 10, fig. 33, ♂ / ♀ ST (USNM, vidi). Dixidesmus echinogon – Chamberlin, 1943c: 18. – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 66. Polydesmus conlatus Chamberlin, 1943b: 36, fig. 5, ♂ HT (FMNH INS977, vidi). – Sierwald et al. , 2005: 40. Dixidesmus conlatus – Chamberlin, 1943c: 18. Dixidesmus sylvicolens Chamberlin, 1943c: 20, figs 37, 38, ♂ / ♀ ST (USNM, vidi). – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 67. Dixidesmus christianus Chamberlin, 1946: 140, fig. 4, ♂ HT (USNM, vidi). – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 66. Dixidesmus catskillus Chamberlin, 1947: 24, fig. 2, ♂ HT (ANSP, non vidi). – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 66. Dixidesmus phanus Chamberlin, 1951: 27, fig. 1, ♂ HT (USNM, vidi). – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 67. Dixidesmus gausodicrorhachus Johnson, 1954: 1, fig. 1, ♂ HT (USNM, vidi). – Chamberlin & Hoffman, 1958: 66. Diagnosis Size: Usually large, with length ranging from 11.8 to 28.6 mm (Withrow, 1988: 199) and an average body length of 22.2 mm ( N = 162; Withrow, 1988: 94). Comparable in size or slightly larger than Ps. erasus and Ps. serratus . Often larger than Ps. collinus . Usually larger than Ps. pinetorum . Paranota and tergal sculpture (Fig. 13): Corners of paranota forming a roughly rhomboid quadrilateral, with ALC posterior to AMC and lateral to PLC. Edges meeting at ALC and PMC forming right angles, with posterior edge shorter than in Ps. collinus . Leading and distal margins very rounded, denticles weak to obliterated. Angle of curve along distal margin and lateral portion of leading margin uniform from PLC past ALC. Trailing margin moderately concave, less so than Ps. serratus . Anterior, median and posterior blister rows subequal in thickness. Anterior blister row narrowing only slightly at lateral ends. Individual MBs and PBs subequal in area. Central paranotal blisters large, occupying more than two-thirds of paranotal breadth, as wide as long. Lateral blisters anteriorly widening laterad. e2 + e3 large, joined at base into elongate stalk (Fig. 7), sometimes connected by a lamina; e4 small (Fig. 14A). Process m1 small, medial of pulvillus; m2 , m3 and m4 large, subtriangular, equidistant from each other; m3 offset laterad from m2 and m4 (Fig. 14B). Type notes Polydesmus canadensis (immature ♀ HT, BMNH, non vidi): Type presumed extant. Collected from Albany River, Hudson Bay, ON, Canada. Polydesmus glaucescens: Location of types, if extant, unknown. Koch (1847) described the type locality only as ‘Nordamerika’. Polydesmus nitidus (15 ♂ / ♀ ST, non vidi): Location of type material unknown (not located at USNM). Bollman (1887a) described 15 specimens from Pensacola, Escambia Co., FL, USA. Polydesmus branneri ( ♂ HT, USNM, vidi): From Mossy Creek (now Jefferson City), Jefferson Co., TN, USA. Vial contains one male and one dissected gonopod, tip of gonopod damaged. Polydesmus echinogon (three ♂ and nine ♀ ST, USNM, vidi): Chamberlin (1942b) described four specimens from Shawanese, Harveys Lake, Luzerne Co., PA, USA, collected 23 September 1905 by F. C. Paulmier. We found two type lots, both labelled ‘Types’ by Chamberlin and Gonopod (Figs 7, 14): Gonocoxa ventral lobe with single gonocoxal plate. Telopodite shallowly curved except at thickened section basal to pulvillus, with subterminal kink followed by straight terminal section. Pulvillus medium-sized, midway between base and terminus of acropodite. Process e1 elongate and kinked; processes with older labels erroneously identifying the specimens as Ps. serratus . Type lot 1 (probably the four specimens described by Chamberlin): contains one male with a single gonopod in situ, one intact female, and two small vials; first small vial labelled ‘MALE HT’ by Withrow, contains one male with a single gonopod in situ and two dissected gonopods (one damaged); second vial labelled ‘Lectoallotype’ by Withrow, contains one fragmented female. Type lot 2: contains five intact females, fragments of two females, one male with a single gonopod in situ, one genitalia vial with a single gonopod. We found two Ps. serratus males with gonopods in situ in Type lot 2 and separated them into a third vial. Polydesmus conlatus ( ♂ HT and two ♀ PT, FMNH, vidi; ♂ / ♀ PT, USNM, vidi; additional ♂ / ♀ PT, non vidi): Chamberlin (1943b) nominated ♂ HT and described several male and female specimens from Gatlinburg, Sevier Co., TN, USA, collected 13–19 June 1942 by H. Dybas, and one male and one female from Thomasville, Thomas Co., GA, USA, collected 2 April 1940 by F. Field. The FMNH type lot is from the Gatlinburg locality: contains ♂ HT with gonopods in situ and two ♀ PT, images are available online at https://collections-zoology.fieldmuseum.org/ catalogue/956102, last accessed 25/3/2019 (FMNH INS 977). At USNM, we found an additional type lot from Greenbrier Cove, Sevier Co., TN, USA: labelled ‘Paratype’, contains at least one female, several males, one dissected gonopod in genitalia vial and one small vial labelled ‘Lectoallotype’; the small vial contains one female with one dislodged vulva. The location of the one ♂ and one ♀ PT from GA is unknown. Dixidesmus sylvicolens ( ♂ / ♀ ST, USNM, vidi): Chamberlin (1943c) described ‘many specimens’ from 7 miles north of Sylvania, Screven Co., GA, USA, collected by W. Ivie, 12 April 1943. We found one type lot: labelled ‘ branneri ’ by Withrow, contains several specimens including males with gonopods. Dixidesmus christianus ( ♂ HT, three ♂ PT and five immature PT, USNM, vidi): Chamberlin (1946) nominated ♂ HT and described three ♀ and five immature PT, all from Pass Christian, Harrison Co., MS, USA, collected 15 February 1946 by J. Rapp and W. Rapp. We found one type lot: labelled ‘ branneri ’ by Withrow, contains two intact males, one male with gonopods missing, five immature specimens and one small vial; small vial labelled ‘HT’, contains fragmented male with one gonopod missing. The three ♂ PT we found might represent the three ♀ PT described by Chamberlin. Dixidesmus catskillus ( ♂ HT, ANSP, non vidi): From Catskill, Greene Co., NY, USA, collected by Knight. Dixidesmus phanus ( ♂ HT and four PT, USNM, vidi): From Suwanee River, FL, USA, without further locality, collected 15 April 1950 by D.E. Beck. We found two type lots. Type lot 1: labelled ‘Male HT’ and labelled ‘ branneri ’ by Withrow, contains one male with gonopods. Type lot 2: contains several female specimens, one with vulvae everted. Dixidesmus gausodicrorhachus ( ♂ HT, one ♂ and two ♀ PT, USNM, vidi): From west side of Garnet Lake, Mackinaw Co., MI, USA, collected 31 July 1949. There are two type lots. Type lot 1: contains ♂ PT with gonopods in situ and one ♀ PT with vulvae everted, nominated by Johnson (1954) as the allotype. Type lot 2: contains ♂ HT with single gonopod and one ♀ PT. Distribution Northern Wisconsin east through southeastern Ontario and southern Quebec to the Atlantic Coast, south through the Appalachian Mountains to the Gulf Coast as far west as southern Mississippi. Additional specimens examined FMNH INS 1421, 1455, 1461, 1465, 1552, 1569, 3574, 6934 *, 7632, 7699, 14219, 3120683 *. : Published as part of Sierwald, Petra, Hennen, Derek A, Zahnle, Xavier J, Ware, Stephanie & Marek, Paul E, 2019, Taxonomic synthesis of the eastern North American millipede genus Pseudopolydesmus (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Polydesmidae), utilizing high-detail ultraviolet fluorescence imaging, pp. 117-142 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 (1) on pages 127-131, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz020, http://zenodo.org/record/5718977 : {"references": ["Newport G. 1844. A list of the species of Myriapoda, order Chilognatha, contained in the cabinets of the British Museum, with description of a new genus and thirty-two new species. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 13: 263 - 270.", "Gervais P. 1847. Myriapodes. In: Walckenaer CA, ed. Histoire Naturelle des Insectes, Apteres, Tome Quatrieme. Paris: Libraire Encyclopedique de Roret, 1 - 623.", "de Saussure HLF, Humbert A. 1870. Etudes sur les Myriapodes. In: Milne-Edwards M, ed. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amerique Centrale, Recherches Zoologiques, Sixieme Partie, 2 eme Section. Paris: Imprimerie Imperiale, 1 - 211.", "Withrow RP. 1988. Revision of the genus Pseudopolydesmus Attems, 1898 and its relationships to the North American genera of the family Polydesmidae Leach, 1815. Unpublished D. Phil. Thesis, Ohio State University. Available from: University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, order no. 8820372.", "Hoffman RL. 1999. Checklist of the millipeds of north and middle America. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 8: 1 - 584.", "Shelley RM. 2000. Annotated checklist of the millipeds of Florida (Arthropoda: Diplopoda). Insecta Mundi 14: 241 - 251.", "Koch CL. 1847. System der Myriapoden mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer GWF, Herrich-Schaffer A, eds. Kritische Revision der Insectenfaune Deutschlands 3: 1 - 196.", "Koch CL. 1863 a. Die Myriapoden, Getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben, Erster Band. Halle: H. W. Schmidt.", "Attems CMT Graf von. 1940. Myriapoda 3. Polydesmoidea III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Periodontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Das Tierreich 70: 1 - 577.", "Bollman CH. 1887 a. New genus and species of Polydesmidae. Entomologica Americana 3: 45 - 46.", "Chamberlin RV, Hoffman RL. 1958. Checklist of the millipeds of North America. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 212: 1 - 236.", "Bollman CH. 1887 b. Description of fourteen new species of North American myriapods. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 10: 617 - 627.", "Loomis HF. 1943. New cave and epigean millipeds of the United States, with notes on some established species. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 92: 371 - 410.", "Loomis HF, Hoffman RL. 1948. Synonymy of various diplopods. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 61: 51 - 54.", "Hoffman RL. 1950. Notes on some Virginia millipeds of the family Polydesmidae. The Virginia Journal of Science 1: 219 - 225.", "Causey NB. 1952. Some records and descriptions of polydesmoid millipeds from the United States. The Chicago Academy of Sciences Natural History Miscellanea 106: 1 - 11.", "Hoffman RL. 1974. A new polydesmid milliped from the southern Appalachians, with remarks on the status of Dixidesmus and a proposed terminology for polydesmid gonopods. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 87: 345 - 350.", "Shelley RM. 1988. The millipeds of eastern Canada (Arthropoda: Diplopoda). Canadian Journal of Zoology 66: 1638 - 1663.", "Chamberlin RV. 1942 b. New southern millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah 32 (8): 1 - 19.", "Chamberlin RV. 1943 c. On some genera and species of American millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah 34 (6): 1 - 20.", "Chamberlin RV. 1943 b. On nine North American polydesmoid millipeds. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 56: 35 - 40.", "Sierwald P, Bond JE, Gurda GT. 2005. The millipede type specimens in the collections of the Field Museum of Natural History (Arthropoda: Diplopoda). Zootaxa 1005: 1 - 64.", "Chamberlin RV. 1946. On four millipeds from Georgia and Mississippi. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 59: 139 - 142.", "Chamberlin RV. 1947. Some records and descriptions of diplopods chiefly in the collection of the academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 99: 21 - 58.", "Chamberlin RV. 1951. Records of American millipeds and centipeds collected by Dr. D. Elden Beck in 1950. Great Basin Naturalist 11: 27 - 35.", "Johnson BM. 1954. A new species of milliped, genus Dixidesmus, from Michigan. The Chicago Academy of Sciences Natural History Miscellanea 137: 1 - 5."]} |
---|