Lathrolestes

• Main Author: Reshchikov, Alexey
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2015
• Subjects: Biodiversity; Taxonomy; Animalia; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae; Lathrolestes; Canada; Spence; Rugosa; Saunders; Hurd; Malus; Messa; Bridgman; Burks; Newfoundland; Alaska
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5697241; https://zenodo.org/record/5697241

Lathrolestes Lathrolestes Förster, 1869: 196. Type-species: Tryphon clypeatus Zetterstedt. Camporychus Förster, 1869. Type-species: Lathrolestes marginatus Thomson; Culmina Benoit, 1955. Type-species: Culmina ruwenzorica Benoit; Ecclinops Förster, 1869. Type-species: Tryphon orbitalis Gravenhorst; Homalomma Förster, 1869. Type-species: Homalomma caliroae Rohwer; Laphyroscopus Förster, 1869. Type-species: Tryphon gorskii Ratzeburg; Lathrolestus Thomson, 1883. Type-species: Lathrolestus clypeatus Zetterstedt Luphyroscopus Thomson, 1883. Type-species: Luphyroscopus gorskii Ratzeburg Ritzemabosia Smits van Burgst, 1912. Type-species: Ritzemabosia meridionalis Smits van Burgst; Tryphonopsis Brauns, 1898. Tryphonopsis ensator Brauns Diagnosis. Small to medium sized species, 4.0– 7.5 mm. Occipital carina not intercepting hypostomal carina. Clypeus profile flat, its apical margin thick. Mandibles with lower tooth distinctly longer than the upper. Areolet petiolate, oblique. Second recurrent vein with a single bulla. Nervellus intercepted below or at its middle. Tarsal claws pectinate, with 1 or 3 teeth or with basal lobe. Glymmae deep. Apex of subgenital plate of male not incurved on hind margin. Tip of aedeagus somewhat decurved and swollen, its apex rounded. Ovipositor sheath 0.3 to 15 × as long as metasomal height. Biology . Their larvae are koinobont endoparasitoids usually on leafmining sawfly larvae of the tribe Fenusini (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae); these feed on foliage of deciduous trees or shrubs (Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer 1989) excluding Metallus gei , feeding on Geum urbanum . A few species are known to attack leafmining lepidopteran larvae of the family Eriocraniidae— L. clypeatus (Zetterstedt 1838) and L. mnemonicae (Rohwer 1914) (Rohwer 1914; Heath 1961; Carlson 1979) and leafmining beetle larvae of the family Megalopodidae— L. zeugophorae Barron, 1994. Some Lathrolestes species attack sawflies with a different lifestyle such as Lathrolestes ensator , which is a parasitoid of the carpophagous, Hoplocampa testudinea (Nematinae, Hoplocampini). Lathrolestes caudatus attacks larvae of Ardis brunniventris (Blennocompinae, Blennocompini), which feeds within branches of dog rose. Lathrolestes luteolator attacks larvae of slug sawflies, Caliroa (Heterarthrinae, Caliroini) (Carl, 1976). Data on trophic interections of the genus Lathrolestes is provided in Table 1. № Lathrolestes species Host species Host plant 1. Lathrolestes bipunctatus Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula [Lorenz & Kraus, (Bridgman, 1886) Fenusa pusilla (Lepetelier) 1957] [Zirngiebl, 1961] F. ulmi (Sundevall, 1847) [Hedwig, Ulmus glabra U. minor [Liston, 1962] 1993]; U. foliacea [Scobiola-Palade, 1974]; U. americana, U. elliptica, U. glabra, U. rubra [Smith, 1995] 2. L. caudatus (Thomson, 1883) Blennocampinae, Blennocampini: Rosa rugosa [Evenhuis, 1973] Ardis brunniventris (Hartig, 1837) [Evenhuis, 1973; Hinz, 1996] 3. L. citreus (Brischke, 1878) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Tilia cordata [Kontuniemi, 1960]; Parna tenella (Klug, 1816) [Ozols, T. vulgaris [Liston, 1995] 1961] 4. L. clypeatus (Zetterstedt, 1838) Lepidoptera , Eriocraniidae: Betula sp. [Kutenkova, 1999] Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854); E. sangii (Wood, 1891); E. semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835); E. sparrmannella (Bosc, 1791); E. unimaculella (Zetterstedt, 1839) [Heath, 1961] 5. L. constrictus (Provancher, 1882) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Rubus [Barron, 1994] Metallus rohweri MacGillivray, 1909 [Barron, 1994] 6. L. ensator (Brauns, 1898) Nematinae, Hoplocampini: Malus pumila; Malus sylvestris [Zijp Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug) & Blommers, 1993; Babendreier, [Zapryanov, 1985; Zijp 1996; Boeve, 1996; Vincent et al. , & Blommers, 1993; Babendreier, 2002; Zijp & Blommers, 2002 a; 1996; Boeve, 1996; Vincent et al. , 2002 b.] 2002; Zijp & Blommers, 2002 a; 2002 b.] 7. L. luteolator (Gravenhorst, 1829) Heterarthrinae, Caliroini: Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Caliroa annulipes (Klug, 1816) Quercus robur, Q. petraea , Q. cerris , [Hinz, 1961; Schönrogge, 1991] Q. palustris, Q. rubra, Salix caprea , Tilia cordata , Vaccinium oxycoccus [Schönrogge, 1991]; Vaccinium vitisidaea [Verzhutskii, 1981]; C. cerasi L. [Carl, 1976] Cydonia oblonga, Mespilus germanica, Rubus [Benson, 1962], Crataegus laevigata [Chevin, 1974], Quercus robur, Q. petraea , Q. cerris , Q. palustris, Q. rubra, Rosa canina , Salix caprea , [Schönrogge, 1991]; Prunus avium, P. duclis, Pyrus [Buczacki & Harris, 1998] ......continued on the next page № Lathrolestes species Host species Host plant C.cinxia [Schönrogge, 1991] Quercus robur, Q. petraea , Q. cerris , Q. palustris, Q. rubra, [Schönrogge, 1991]; Heterarthrinae, Heterarthrini: Alnus sp. [Benson, 1952] Heterarthrus vagans (Fallén, 1808) [Aubert, 2000] Argidae, Sterictophorinae: Rosa sp. [Benson, 1952] Sterictiphora geminate (Gmelin, 1790) [Aubert, 2000] 8. L. luteolus (Thomson, 1883) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Ulmus carpinifolia [Horstmann, 2004] Fenusa carpinifoliae (Liston, 1993) [Horstmann, 2004] 9. L. macropygus (Holmgren, 1857) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pubescens [Benson, 1952] Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier) [Hedwig, 1950] Parna tenella (Klug, 1816) Tilia cordata , T platyphylla [Györfi, 1947] [Liston, 1993] Scolioneura betuleti (Klug, 1816) Betula pendula [Hedwig, 1962] [Hedwig, 1962] Blennocampinae: Quercus petraea, Q. robur [Lorenz & Periclista albida (Klug, 1814) Kraus, 1957] [Aubert, 2000] 10. L. messae Barron, 1994 Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Populus [Barron, 1994] Messa populifoliella (Townsend, 1893) [Barron, 1994] 11. L. mnemonicae (Rohwer, 1914) Lepidoptera , Eriocraniidae: Quercus [Barron, 1994] Dyseriocrania auricyanea (Walsingham, 1882) [Rohwer, 1914] D. griseocapitella (Walsingham, Quercus [Barron, 1994] 1882) [Carlson, 1979] 12. L. morator Aubert, 1984 Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula [Viramo, 1969] Scolioneura betuleti (Klug, 1814) [Aubert, 1984] 13. L. nigricollis (Thomson, 1883) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula populifolia [Barron, 1994] Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989] 14. L. occultor Aubert, 1984 Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula, B. pubescens Messa nana (Klug, 1814) [Aubert, [Kontuniemi, 1960] 1984] 15. L. periclistae Barron, 1994 Blennocampinae: Quercus alba; Q. ilicifolia; Q. Periclista albicollis (Norton, 1872) macrocarpa; Q. rubra; [Barron, 1994] [Barron, 1994] 16. L. pictilis (Holmgren, 1857) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Alnus glutinosa [Ozols, 1959] Fenusa dohrnii (Tischbein, 1846) [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989]; F. pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823), Profenusa pygmaea (Klug, 1814) [Aubert, 2000] ......continued on the next page 19. L. soperi Reshchikov, 2010 Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula; B. papyrifera Profenusa thomsoni [Reshchikov et [Reshchikov et al. , 2010] al. , 2010] 20. L. thomsoni Reshchikov, 2010 Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula; B. papyrifera Profenusa thomsoni [Reshchikov et [Reshchikov et al. , 2010] al. , 2010] 21. L. tomostethi (Cushman, 1935) Blennocampinae: Fraxinus americana; F. oregona Tomostethus multicinctus [Barron, 1994] (Rohwer, 1909) [Barron, 1994] 22. L. tripunctor (Thunberg, 1824) Blennocampinae: Iris laevigatus , I. pseudacorus, I. Rhadinoceraea micans (Klug, 1814) spuria, Fraxinus excelsior [Lorenz & [Giraud, 1872] Kraus, 1957] Tomostethus nigritus [Hinz, 1961] Fraxinus excelsior [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957] 23. L. truncatus (Provancher, 1888) Heterarthrinae: Rubus [Barron, 1994] Metallus rohweri MacGillivray, 1909 [Barron, 1994] Blennocampinae: Quercus rubra [Barron, 1994] Periclista albicollis [Barron, 1994] 24. L. ungularis (Thomson, 1883) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula , Castanea sativa Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957] [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989; Schönrogge & Altenhofer, 1992] Profenusa pygmaea (Klug, 1814) Quercus robur [Kontuniemi, 1960] [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, 1989; Schönrogge & Altenhofer, 1992] 25. L. verticalis (Brischke, 1871) Heterarthrinae, Fenusini: Betula pendula [Lorenz & Kraus, Fenusa pusilla (Lepeletier, 1823) 1957] [Rudow, 1919] Metallus gei (Brischke, 1883) Geum urbanum [Chevin, 1980]; G. [Pschorn-Walcher & Altenhofer, rivale [Kontuniemi, 1960] 1989] M. pumilus [Pschorn-Walcher & Rubus fruticosus [Lorenz & Kraus, Altenhofer, 1989] 1957] Scolioneura betuleti [Aubert, 2000] Betula pendula [Viramo, 1969] Hoplocampa testudinea [Jaworska, Malus sylvestris, Pyrus communis 1992] [Lorenz & Kraus, 1957] 26. L. zeugophorae Barron, 1994 Coleoptera, Megalopodidae: Betula sp., Populus tremula [Bullock, Zeugophora sp. [Barron, 1994] 1992; Cox, 2007] Biological control . The leaf mining sawfly Fenusa pusilla is a pest of birch in Northern America (Coulson 1992, Barron 1994, van Driesche et al. 1997). This species was brought from Europe (Friend 1933) and became an important pest (Fuester et al. 1984). Lathrolestes nigricollis has been successfully used against this species of sawfly (Raske & Jones, 1975, Guevremont & Quednau, 1977, van Driesche et al. , 1997, Langor et al. , 2000, Casagrande et al. , 2009). An attempt was made to use the same species of Lathrolestes against another invasive birch pest, Profenusa thomsoni (Langor et al. , 2000). However, during the successful biological control studies of P. thomsoni, two new species of the genus were discovered (Reshchikov et al, 2010), L. thomsoni and L. soperi and both these species are used against P. thomsoni successfully (Soper et al. 2015). : Published as part of Reshchikov, Alexey, 2015, Review of North European species of the genus Lathrolestes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) with description of one new species from Öland (Sweden), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 4033 (1) on pages 9-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4033.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/289776 : {"references": ["Forster, A. (1869) Synopsis der Familien und Gattungen der Ichneumonen. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, 25 (1868), 135 - 221.", "Benoit, P. L. G. (1955) Contributions a l'etude des Ichneumonidae africains (Hymenoptera). I. Annales du Musee Royal du Congo Belge, Sciences Zoologiques, 38, 1 - 55.", "Thomson, C. G. (1883) XXXII. 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