Ultrastructural features of blood cells in HIF-1α gene variations in specialists of extreme conditions

• Main Authors: Moiseyenko, E. V., Rozova, K. V.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Zenodo 2020
• Subjects: Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3873232; https://zenodo.org/record/3873232

Moiseyenko E. V., Rozova K. V. Ultrastructural features of blood cells in HIF-1α gene variations in specialists of extreme conditions. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(5):218-226. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.05.023 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.05.023 https://zenodo.org/record/3873233 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 04.05.2020. Revised: 16.05.2020. Accepted: 29.05.2020. Ultrastructural features of blood cells in HIF-1α gene variations in specialists of extreme conditions E. V. Moiseyenko, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-5855, [e-mail] K. V. Rozova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-4617, [e-mail] Bogomoletz Institute of Physioligy National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine 01024, Ukraine, Kyiv, Bogomoletz str., 4 Abstract The peculiarities of changes in the ultrastructure of blood cells due to personalized variations of the HIF-1α gene under hypoxic loading (breathing by gas mixture with reduced oxygen content up to 12% and achieving hypoxic state during heavy physical training on bicycle ergometer) were conducted. It was shown that allelic polymorphism of the HIF-1α gene influence on hypoxic-induced changes in the ultrastructure (and therefore function) of blood cells - the C / C genotype of winterers indicates their greater adaptive capacity compared to the C / T genotype that lies in the increasing the number of δ-granules in platelets, and reducing the number of α-granules and tubules of the inner skeleton. Such changes primarily indicate an increase in serotonin depot and therefore, indirectly, an increase in the contractile activity of the vascular wall, which may serve as a marker of the formation of adaptive reaction in response to hypoxic effects and stress. This is also indicated by the moderate swelling of mitochondria with an increase in their average diameter by 31%, which is considered to be a sign of an increase in the energy capacity of the mitochondrial apparatus in order to replenish ADP and ATP reserves for the further inclusion of adaptive responses. Hypoxic loading in winterers with C / T-genotype led to overstressing of platelet function with decrease in contractile activity of the vascular wall. The number of mitochondria in leukocytes significantly increased (by 24%) in winterers with C / C genotype; not only mitochondrial morphogenesis was activated, but also dynamic processes, in particular the association of organelles with pronounced longitudinal association and / or the formation of bridges between mitochondria. These facts are considered as an indicator of information exchange in the cell mitochondrial apparatus. In leukocytes of winterers with C / T genotype, changes in the mitochondrial apparatus were of a different nature: there were clear signs of hypoxic damage of organelles and the total percentage of structurally altered mitochondria exceeded 21%. Key words: allelic polymorphism; the HIF-1α gene; platelet and leukocyte ultrastructure; hypoxic load; winterers of Antarctic expeditions.