Ca'ferîlikte Mut'a ve Ona Karşı Sünnî Duruş

• Main Author: Köse, Saffet
• Format: Text
• Language: Turkish
• Published: Zenodo 2008
• Subjects: Mut'a; Nisâ' 4; 24; Ca'feriyye; Abdullâh b. Abbâs; Hz. Ömer; Hz. Ali; Ja'ferī Scholars; Verse Of al-Nisā' 24; Ibn 'abbās; Caliph 'Umar; Imām 'alī; Bates; Kad’; Bak; Kum; Zev; sami
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3344000; https://zenodo.org/record/3344000

Mut'a nikâhı dört mezhep ile Ca'ferîler arasındaki en temel tartışma konula-rından birisidir. Tartışmanın temelinde şu hususlar vardır: Hz. Peygamber döneminde başlangıçta izin verilen mut'a nikâhının belli aralıklarla yasaklanıp serbest bırakılması [Ca'ferîlerin iznin devam ettiği yönündeki iddiaları]; Sahabenin önde gelenlerinden Abdullah b. Abbas (ö.68/687) ile tâbiûn'un büyük âlimlerinden İbn Cüreyc'ten (ö.150/767) mut'a nikâhının cevazı yönündeki bazı rivayetler, İbn Abbas'ın bu görüşünden rücu edip etmediği münakaşaları; Übeyy b. Ka'b (ö.21/642) ile Abdullah b. Mes'ûd'un (ö.32/652) Nisâ suresinin: مِنْهُنَّ فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنّ} اسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِ { فَمَا "…O halde onların hangilerinden nikâh ile yararlanmışsanız, belirlenen me-hirlerini Allah'ın öngördüğü değişmez bir hak olarak tastamam verin…" şeklindeki 24. ayetini إلى أجل مسمى "belirli bir süreye kadar" ilavesiyle okudukları yönündeki ri-vayetlerle bu ayet etrafındaki farklı yorumlar [ki en önemlisi Ca'feriyye'nin ayetin mut'anın cevazına delil teşkil ettiği görüşü]; Mut'a nikâhını Hz. Peygamber'in değil Hz. Ömer'in (ö.23/644) yasakladığı ve bunun üzerine Hz. Ali'nin (ö.40/661) "Eğer Ömer mut'ayı yasaklamasaydı isyan-kar/şakî dışında kimse zina etmezdi"şeklinde kaynaklarda nakledilen sözü bu alan-daki tartışmaların odak noktalarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu makalede konu etraflıca işlenmektedir. Legitimacy of Mut'a Marriage in Ja'fariya and the Sunnī Stand Against It One of the most fundamental issues debated between four madhahib and ja'ferī scholars is mut'a marriage. The underlying issues of the debates on this topic are as follows: Permission and prohibition of mut'a marriage at certain times during the life time of the prophet though permitted at the beginning (the ja'farī claim for permission to continue) Some narrations from Abdullāh b. 'abbās (d.68/687), one of the highly re-spected companions of the prophet, and from Ibn Jurayj (d.150/767), one of the great scholars of those who followed the companions of the prophet, al-tabieen, as to permission of mut'a The claims Ibn 'abbās changed his view on mut'a marriage Sayings related to 'Ubeyy b. Ka'b (d.21/642) and 'abdullāh b. Mas'ūd (d.32/652) as they used to read the verse of al-Nisā': مِنْهُنَّ فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنّ} اسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِ { فَمَا "so those of them whom you enjoy, give them their appointed wages" (4:24) with three more words resulting in the sentence of the form: "...to an ap-pointed time (ilā ajal musammā)." and different commentaries on this verse (the view of ja'fariya, the most important one, referring to the permissibility of mut'a marriage) The argument that mut'a was only forbidden by the caliph 'Umar (d.23/644) and for it was 'alī himself who said: "If 'Umar had not prohibited mut'a, no one would commit fornication except the wretched!" is also the focus of the de-bates on the issue. The topic of mut'a marriage has been discussed thoroughly in this article. https://www.marife.org/marife/article/view/453 : Atıf / Cite as: Köse, Saffet. "Ca'ferîlikte Mut'a ve Ona Karşı Sünnî Duruş". 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Ahmed b. \u0130br\u00e2h\u00eem el-Meyd\u00e2n\u00ee en-N\u00ees\u00e2b\u00fbr\u00ee (\u00f6. 518/1124), Mecma'u'l-ems\u00e2l (n\u015fr. Naim H. Zerz\u00fbr), Beyrut, ts. (D\u00e2ru'l-K\u00fct\u00fcbi'l-ilmiyye).", "Mizz\u00ee, Eb\u00fc'l-Hacc\u00e2c Cem\u00e2l\u00fcdd\u00een Y\u00fbsuf b. Abdirrahm\u00e2n (\u00f6. 742/1341), Tehz\u00eeb\u00fc'l-Kem\u00e2l f\u00ee esm\u00e2i'r-ric\u00e2l (n\u015fr. Be\u015f\u015f\u00e2r Avv\u00e2d), Beyrut 1400/1980.", "M. \u015eemsettin G\u00fcnaltay (\u00f6.1961), \u0130slam \u00d6ncesi Araplar ve Dinleri (sad. M.Mahfuz S\u00f6ylemez-Mustafa Hizmetli), Ankara 1997.", "Muhaddis en-N\u00fbr\u00ee, Mirz\u00e2 H\u00fcseyin en-N\u00fbr\u00ee et-Tabers\u00ee (\u00f6.1902), M\u00fcstedrek\u00fc'l-Ves\u00e2il, Kum 1408.", "M\u00fbs\u00e2 el-Musev\u00ee, e\u015f-\u015e\u00ee'a ve't-tash\u00eeh: es-S\u0131r\u00e2' beyne'\u015f-\u015e\u00ee'a ve't-te\u015feyyu', U.S.A., 1408/1988, s.108-113; trc. \"Ge\u00e7ici Nik\u00e2h/Mut'a\u2026\" (\u00e7ev. Do\u011fan Kaplan), S.\u00dc. \u0130lahiyat Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi, sy. 15, Konya 2003, s. 273-279.", "Musannifek, Al\u00e2\u00fcdd\u00een Al\u00ee b. Muhammed b. Mes'\u00fbd el-Bist\u00e2m\u00ee e\u015f-\u015eahr\u00fbd\u00ee (\u00f6. 875/1470), el-Hud\u00fbd ve'l-ahk\u00e2m\u00fc'l-f\u0131khiyye, Beyrut, 1411/1991.", "M\u00fcttak\u00ee el-Hind\u00ee, Al\u00e2\u00fcdd\u00een Al\u00ee b. 'Abdilmelik (\u00f6.975/1567), Kenz\u00fc'l-'umm\u00e2l (n\u015fr. Bekr\u00ee el-Hayy\u00e2n\u00ee-Safvet es-Sekk\u00e2), Beyrut 1401/1981.", "Nehh\u00e2s, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Ahmed b. Muhammed el-Mur\u00e2d\u00ee el-M\u0131sr\u00ee (\u00f6.338/950), en-N\u00e2sih ve'l-mens\u00fbh (n\u015fr. Muhammed Abd\u00fcssel\u00e2m Muhammed), K\u00fcveyt 1408/1988.", "P\u00eer\u00eez\u00e2de Mehmed S\u00e2hib Efendi (\u00f6.1162/1749), \"Ris\u00e2le 'al\u00e2 Bahsin min ebh\u00e2si'l-Lum'a f\u00ee milki'l-mut'a\" (n\u015fr. Saffet K\u00f6se, \u0130slam Hukuku Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Dergisi, sy.,5, Konya 2005 i\u00e7inde), s.424-432.", "Saffet K\u00f6se, \"H\u00fclle\", D\u0130A, XVIII, \u0130stanbul 1998, s. 475-477.", "Saffet K\u00f6se, \"\u0130slam H\u00fcququnun \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131nda H\u0259zr\u0259t \u018flinin (\u0259) Rol\u00fc: B\u0259'zi \u0130ctihad v\u0259 t\u0259tbiqatlar\u0131n t\u0259hlili\", H\u0259zr\u0259t \u018flinin (\u0259) H\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 \u015e\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin\u0259 H\u0259sr Olunmu\u015f Ben\u0259lxalq Elmi Konfrans\u0131n Materialler\u0131, Bak\u0131 2001, s. 225-233 (Azerice).", "Saffet K\u00f6se, \"Kur'\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eeme G\u00f6re Ferde Mes'\u00fbliyet Y\u00fckleyen ve Bunu D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren Fakt\u00f6rler\", Kur'\u00e2n-\u0131 Ker\u00eem'de Mes'\u00fbliyet (Sempozyum Bildirileri), \u0130stanbul 2006, s.79-151.", "Saffet K\u00f6se, \u0130slam Hukukunda Kanuna Kar\u015f\u0131 Hile, \u0130stanbul 1996.", "Sah\u00eehu ibn Hibb\u00e2n bi-tert\u00eebi \u0130bn Balab\u00e2n (n\u015fr. \u015euayb el-Arna\u00fbt), Beyrut 1418/1997.", "S\u00e2ih Ali H\u00fcseyin, el-Asl\u00fc fi'l-e\u015fy\u00e2'\u2026.?? Vel\u00e2kinne'l-m\u00fct'ate har\u00e2m!!, D\u00e2ru Kuteybe 1408/1988.", "Sem'\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fc'l-Muzaffer Mans\u00fbr b. Muhamed (\u00f6.489/1096), Tefs\u00eeru'l-Kur'\u00e2n (n\u015fr. Y\u00e2sir \u0130brahim-Guneym Abb\u00e2s), Riyad 1418/1997.", "Serahs\u00ee, \u015eems\u00fcleimme Muhammed b. Ahmed b. Sehl (\u00f6.483/1090), el-Mebs\u00fbt, Kahire 1324-31.", "Serahs\u00ee, \u015eems\u00fcleimme Muhammed b. Ahmed b. Sehl (\u00f6.483/1090), el-Us\u00fbl, \u0130stanbul 1984.", "Seyy\u00e2\u011f\u00ee, \u015eeref\u00fcdd\u00een H\u00fcseyin b. Ahmed es-San'\u00e2n\u00ee (\u00f6.1221/1806), er-Ravzu'n-nad\u00eer, Kahire 1347-49/1928-31.", "Suy\u00fbt\u00ee, Cel\u00e2l\u00fcdd\u00een b. Abdirrahm\u00e2n (\u00f6.911/1505), el-E\u015fb\u00e2h ve'n-nez\u00e2ir, Kahire 1378/1959.", "\u015eehl\u00e2 H\u00e2ir\u00ee, Mut'a: ez-Zev\u00e2c\u00fc'l-m\u00fcekkat 'inde'\u015f-\u015e\u00ee'a, h\u00e2let\u00fc \u00cer\u00e2n 1978-1982 (trc. F\u00e2d\u00ee Hamm\u00fbd, orijinal ismi: The Law of Desire: Temporary Marriage in Shi'i Iran), Beyrut 1995.", "\u015eerif el-Murtez\u00e2, Eb\u00fc'l-K\u00e2s\u0131m \u00c2lem\u00fclh\u00fcd\u00e2 Ali b. H\u00fcseyin (\u00f6.436/1044), ez-Zer\u00ee'a il\u00e2 us\u00fbli'\u015f-\u015eer\u00ee'a, Tahran 1374.", "\u015eeyh M\u00fcf\u00eed, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhamrned b. Muhammed b. en-Nu'm\u00e2n el-H\u00e2ris\u00ee el-Ukber\u00ee (\u00f6. 413/1022), Hul\u00e2sat\u00fc'l-\u00eec\u00e2z (n\u015fr. Ali Ekber Zem\u00e2n\u00ee Nez\u00e2d), Kum 1413.", "\u015eeyh M\u00fcf\u00eed, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhamrned b. Muhammed b. en-Nu'm\u00e2n el-H\u00e2ris\u00ee el-Ukber\u00ee (\u00f6. 413/1022), el-Mukni'a, Kum 1413.", "\u015eeyh M\u00fcf\u00eed, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhamrned b. Muhammed b. en-Nu'm\u00e2n el-H\u00e2ris\u00ee el-Ukber\u00ee (\u00f6. 413/1022), Ris\u00e2let\u00fc'l-mut'a, Kum 1413.", "Taber\u00e2n\u00ee, Eb\u00fc'l-K\u00e2s\u0131m S\u00fcleyman b. Ahmed (\u00f6.360/971), el-Mu'cem\u00fc'l-keb\u00eer (n\u015fr. Hamdi es-Selef\u00ee), Musul 1404/1983.", "Tabers\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Al\u00ee Em\u00een\u00fcdd\u00een Fazl b. Hasan (\u00f6.548/1153), Mecma'u'l-bey\u00e2n, Tahran 1417/1996.", "Tes\u00fbl\u00ee, Eb\u00fc'l-Hasen Ali b. Abdissel\u00e2m (\u00f6.1258/1842), el-Behce \u015ferhu't-Tuhfe (n\u015fr. M. Abd\u00fclkadir \u015eahin), Beyrut 1418/1998.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), el-Em\u00e2l\u00ee, Kum 1414.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), el-\u0130stibs\u00e2r (n\u015fr. M. Ca'fer \u015eems\u00fcdd\u00een), Beyrut 1414/1994.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), Kit\u00e2b\u00fc'l-Hil\u00e2f, Kum 1414.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), en-Nih\u00e2ye, Beyrut 1390/1970.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), Tehz\u00eeb\u00fc'l-ahk\u00e2m (n\u015fr. M. Cev\u00e2d el-Fak\u00eeh-Y\u00fbsuf el-B\u0131k\u00e2'\u00ee), Beyrut 1413/1992.", "T\u00fbs\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Ca'fer Muhammed b. el-Hasen (\u00f6.460/1068), 'Uddet\u00fc'l-us\u00fbl (n\u015fr. Muhammed R\u0131z\u00e2 el-Ens\u00e2r\u00ee el-Kumm\u00ee), Kum 1417.", "Zeheb\u00ee, Eb\u00fb Abdill\u00e2h Muhammed b. Ahmed b. Osman (\u00f6.748/1347), Siyeru a'l\u00e2mi'n-n\u00fcbel\u00e2' (n\u015fr. \u015euayb el-Arna\u00fbt v.d\u011fr.), Beyrut 1413/1992.", "Zemah\u015fer\u00ee, Eb\u00fc'l-K\u00e2s\u0131m C\u00e2rull\u00e2h Muhammed b. \u00d6mer (\u00f6. 538/1143), el-Ke\u015f\u015f\u00e2f, Kahire 1366/1947.", "Zeyd b. 'Ali (\u00f6.122/740), el-Mecm\u00fb' (n\u015fr. Abdullah el-'\u0130zz\u00ee), San'a 1422/2002.", "Albayrak, Halis, \"Taber\u00ee ve K\u0131raat\", Kur'an ve Tefsir Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 IV, \u0130stanbul 2002."]}