A Prospective Study On The Geothermal Potential In The Eu
Geothermal power generation has its roots in Europe, where the first test in 1904 and the real beginning of power generation in 1913 took place in Italy. Since then, the development of geothermal technology has been slow but continuous. Since a decade, thanks to the optimisation of the new binary sy...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Text |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Zenodo
2013
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1283814 https://zenodo.org/record/1283814 |
| Summary: | Geothermal power generation has its roots in Europe, where the first test in 1904 and the real beginning of power generation in 1913 took place in Italy. Since then, the development of geothermal technology has been slow but continuous. Since a decade, thanks to the optimisation of the new binary system technology, geothermal electricity can be produced using lower temperatures. Moreover, with Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), a breakthrough technology proven since 2007, geothermal power can in theory be produced anywhere in Europe. According to the trajectories set out in the National Renewable Energy Action Plans (NREAPs) of the EU Member States, the capacity will grow from 0.9 GWe installed in 2013 to 1.4 GWe in 2020. The production of geothermal electricity in 2020 is planned to be 11 TWh. These are very conservative targets as the actual potential is much larger. Indeed, information about geothermal potential is not always available (no geological data below 2-3 km from previous exploration campaign for oil, gas etc.) or it is scattered in different ministries, universities, national institutes, oil & gas companies and various private entities. For this reason many policy-makers are simply not aware they stand on a frequently untapped source of local renewable energy. And this is also why geothermal power is not always taken sufficiently into consideration in some NREAPs and other strategic documents on the future electricity mix. The present GEOELEC study makes a first step to fill the existing gap. It provides an outlook of the potential by country; the resource assessment is the product of the integration and interpretation of existing data and a newly defined methodology building on Canadian, Australian, and American methodology. The geological potential (heat in place) for geothermal power has been translated to an economical potential, using a Levelised Cost of Energy (LCoE) value of less than 150 EUR/MWh for the 2030 scenario and less than 100 EUR/MWh for the 2050 scenario: The total geothermal electricity potential in the EU-28 is 21,2 TWh for the year 2020; In 2030 this amounts to 34 TWh or 1% of the projected total electricity production in the EU; Thanks to economies of scale, innovative drilling concepts and substantial cost reduction, the economic potential in the EU grows to approximately 2570 TWh in 2050 potentially covering as much as 50% of the projected electricity produced in the EU) and more than 4000 TWh including Iceland, Turkey and Switzerland. : GEOELEC - IEE : {"references": ["Parlaktuna, M. and Mertoglu, O. and Simsek, S. and Paksoy, H. and Basarir, N.: Geothermal Country Update Report of Turkey (2010-2013), Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-32, 1-9", "European Geothermal Energy Council, EGEC Market Report 2013/14, Brussels, 2013", "Link, K., and Rybach, L. and Wyss, R: : Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Switzerland, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-31, 1-8", "Orkustofnun, The Resource, Retrieved on October 2013, Available on: http://www.nea.is/geothermal/the-resource/", "Ketilsson, J.: Iceland National Activities, in Draft Annual Report 2012, International Energy Agency Implementing Agreement for Cooperation in Geothermal Research & Technology, (2012)", "Bj\u00f6rnsson, S.: Geothermal Development and Research in Iceland, National Energy Authority and Ministries of Industry and Commerce, ReykjavIk, (2006)", "Curtis, R. and Ledingham, P. and Law, R. and Bennett, T: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for United Kingdom, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-33, 1-9", "Busby, J.P and Dunbabin, P.: United Kingdom National Activities, in Annual Report 2011, International Energy Agency Implementing Agreement for Cooperation in Geothermal Research & Technology, (2011)", "European Commission: Blue Book on Geothermal Resources, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publication of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1999", "Arrizabalaga, I. and De Gregorio, M. and Garcia, C. and Hidalgo, R. and Urchuegu\u00eda, J.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Spain, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-29, 1-10", "Hurter, S. and Haenel, R. (ed.), Atlas of Geothermal Resources in Europe, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, (2002)", "Rajver, D. and Prestor, J. and Lapanje, A. and Rman, N.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Slovenia, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-28, 1-16", "Rosca, M. and Bendea, C. and Cucueteanu, D.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Romania, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-25, 1-10", "Carvalho, J.M. and Coelho, L. and Nunes J.C. and Carvalho, M.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Portugal, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-24, 1-11", "K\u0119pi\u0144ska, B.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Poland, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-23, 1-10", "Zinevicius, F. and Sliaupa, S. and Aleksandravicius, T.A. and Mazintas, A.: Country Update Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Lithuania, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-19, 1-12", "Pasquali, R., and Jones, G., L. and Allen, A. and Burgess, J., and Wiliams, T., H.: Geothermal Energy Utilisation-Ireland Country Update, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-17, 1-9", "D\u00f6v\u00e9nyi, P., Homola, V., Horv\u00e1th, F., Kohl, T., Rybach, L.: European HDR/EGS resources: Future potential development in Hungary, GEOWATT AG ,(2005)", "D\u00f6v\u00e9nyi, P.: Geophysical investigations of the lithosphere of the Pannonian basin, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Univ., Budapest, (1994)", "Andritsos, N. and Arvanitis, A. and Dalabakis, D. and Karytsas, C. and Mendrinos, D. and Papachristou, M.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Greece, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-14, 1-10", "Mendrinos D., Choropanitis I., Polyzou O., Karytsas C., 2010: \"Exploring for Geothermal Resources in Greece\", Geothermics, Vol. 39, pp 124\u2013137.", "Ganz, B. and Schellschmidt, R. and Schulz, R. and Sanner, B.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Germany, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-13, 1-16", "Boissier, F. and Desplan, A. and Laplaige, P.: France Country Update, Proceedings of the World Geothermal Congress 2010, Bali, Indonesia (2010), 1-9", "Soesoo, A. and Sukles, U.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Estonia, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-09, 1-3", "Mahler, A. and R\u00f8gen, B. and Ditlefsen, C. and Nielsen, L.H. and Vangkilde\u2010Pedersen, T.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Denmark, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-08, 1-12", "Hurter, S. and Haenel, R. (ed.), Atlas of Geothermal Resources in Europe, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, (2002)", "Bojadgieva, K. and Benderev, A. and Berova A. and Apostolova, I.: Country Update for Bulgaria 2007-2012, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-06, 1-8.", "Hoes, H. and Petitclerc, E. and Declercq, P. Y. and Laenen, B.: Geothermal Energy Use, Country Update for Belgium, Proceedings of the European Geothermal Congress 2013, Pisa, Italy,(2013), CUR-04, 1-7.", "European Geothermal Energy Council, EGEC Market Report 2012, Brussels, 2012.", "World Petroleum Council. Petroleum Resources Managment System, SPE-AAPGWPC- SPEE, p.47", "Williams, A.F., Lawless, J.V., Ward, M.A., Holgate, F.L., and Larking, A., 2010. A code for geothermal resources and reserves reporting, Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010, Bali, Indonesia, 25-29 April 2010, 7 p.", "Williams, C.F., Reed, M.J., and Mariner, R.H., 2008. A Review of Methods Applied by the U.S. Geological Survey in the Assesment of Identified Geothermal Resources, U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Open-File Report 2008-1296, p.27", "Hurtig, E., Cermak, V., Haenel, R., and Zui, V.(eds.), 1992. Geothermal Atlas of Europe, International Association for Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior, International Heat Flow Commission, Central Institute for Physics of the Earth, Scale 1:2,500,000.", "Etherington, J.R., and Ritter, J.E., 2007. The 2007 SPE/AAPG/WPC/SPEE Reserves and Resources Classification, Definitions, and Guidelines: Defining the Standard!, 2007 SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, Dallas, Texas, USA, 1-3 April 2007. SPE 107693, 9 p.", "Davies, J.H. and Davies, D.R., 2010. Earth's surface heat flux. Solid Earth, 1, 5\u201324.", "Cloetingh, S., v. Wees, J.D., Ziegler, P.A., Lenkey, L., Beekman, F., Tesauro, M., F\u00f6rster, A., Norden, B., Kaban, M., Hardebol, N., Bont\u00e9, D., Genter, A., Guillou- Frottier, L. Voorde, M.T., Sokoutis,, D. Willingshofer, E., Cornu, T., and Worum, G., 2010. Lithosphere tectonics and thermo-mechanical properties: An integrated modelling approach for Enhanced Geothermal Systems exploration in Europe. Earth- Science Reviews, vol. 102, p. 159-206.", "Beardsmore, G.R., Rybach, L., Blackwell, D., and Baron, C., 2010. A protocol for estimating and mapping the global EGS potential, July 2010 edition, 11 p.", "IPCC, 2011. IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation \u2013 Geothermal Energy, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Working Group III \u2013 Mitigation of Climate Change, 50 p.", "CanGEA, 2010. The Canadian Geothermal Code for Public Reporting, Reporting of Exploration Results, Geothermal Resources and Geothermal Reserves, 2010 Edition, 32 p.", "AGEA-AGEG, 2010. Australian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Geothermal Resources and Geothermal Reserves, The Geothermal Reporting Code, Second Edition, 28 p.", "AGEA-AGEG, 2008. Australian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Geothermal Resources and Geothermal Reserves, The Geothermal Reporting Code, 2008 Edition, 26 p.", "Etherington, J.R., and Ritter, J.E., 2007. The 2007 SPE/AAPG/WPC/SPEE Reserves and Resources Classification, Definitions, and Guidelines: Defining the Standard!, 2007 SPE Hydrocarbon Economics and Evaluation Symposium, Dallas, Texas, USA, 1-3 April 2007. SPE 107693, p. 9.", "Beardsmore, G.R., Rybach, L., Blackwell, D., and Baron, C., 2010. A protocol for estimating and mapping the global EGS potential, July 2010 edition, p. 11"]} |
|---|