Design, Manufacture And Test Of A Solar Powered Audible Bird Scarer

• Main Authors: Koyuncu, Turhan, Lule, Fuat
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Zenodo 2009
• Subjects: Bird damage; Audible scarer; Solar powered scarer; Predator sound; Avery; Cummings; Montagu; Eremophila alpestris; Aquila chrysaetos
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1084261; https://zenodo.org/record/1084261

The most common domestic birds live in Turkey are: crows (Corvus corone), pigeons (Columba livia), sparrows (Passer domesticus), starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and blackbirds (Turdus merula). These birds give damage to the agricultural areas and make dirty the human life areas. In order to send away these birds, some different materials and methods such as chemicals, treatments, colored lights, flash and audible scarers are used. It is possible to see many studies about chemical methods in the literatures. However there is not enough works regarding audible bird scarers are reported in the literature. Therefore, a solar powered bird scarer was designed, manufactured and tested in this experimental investigation. Firstly, to understand the sensitive level of these domestic birds against to the audible scarer, many series preliminary studies were conducted. These studies showed that crows are the most resistant against to the audible bird scarer when compared with pigeons, sparrows, starlings and blackbirds. Therefore the solar powered audible bird scarer was tested on crows. The scarer was tested about one month during April- May, 2007. 18 different common known predators- sounds (voices or calls) of domestic birds from Falcon (Falco eleonorae), Falcon (Buteo lagopus), Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), Montagu-s harrier (Circus pygargus) and Owl (Glaucidium passerinum) were selected for test of the scarer. It was seen from the results that the reaction of the birds was changed depending on the predators- sound type, camouflage of the scarer, sound quality and volume, loudspeaker play and pause periods in one application. In addition, it was also seen that the sound from Falcon (Buteo lagopus) was most effective on crows and the scarer was enough efficient. : {"references": ["M. L. Avery, S. J. Werner, J. L. Cummings, J. S. Humphrey, M. P.\nMilleson, C. J. Carlson, T. M. Primus and M. J. Goodall, \"Caffeine for\nreducing bird damage to newly seeded rice\", Crop Protection, vol. 24,\npp. 651-657, 2005.", "J. R. Mason and G. Linz, \"Repellency of garlic extract to European\nstarlings\", Crop Protection, 16 (2), pp. 107-108, 1997.", "A. C. Saglam and F. Onemli, \"The effects of sowing date and sowing\ndensity on birds damage in the cultivators of sunflower (Helianthus\nannuus L.)\", Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 2 (1), pp. 50-57,\n2005.", "R. W. Summers, \"The effect of scarers on the presence of starlings\n(Sturnus vulgaris) in cherry orchards\", Crop Protection 4 (4), pp. 520-\n528, 1985.", "R. L. Bruggers, \"Ruelle, P., Efficiacy of nets and fibers for protecting\ncrops from grain-eating birds in Africa\", Crop Protection 1 (1), pp. 55-\n65, 1982.", "M. E. Tobin, R. A. Dolbeer and C. M. Webster, \"Alternate-row\ntreatment with the repellent methiocarb to protect cherry orchards from\nbirds\", Crop Protection 8 (6), pp. 461-465, 1989.", "J. A. Vickery and R. W. Summers, \"Cost-effectiveness of scaring brent\ngeese Branta b. bernicla from fields of arable crops by a human bird\nscarer\", Crop Protection 11 (5), pp. 480-484, 1992.", "T. Koyuncu and F. Lule, \"The Effect of An Audible Bird Scarer an the\nPresence of Reed Cocks (Parphyro porphyro) in Rice Fields\", The\nJournal of Agricultural Faculty of Ondokuz May\u2500\u2592s Universty, 23 (3), pp.\n152-153, 2008.", "D. L. York, , J. L. Cummings, R. M. Engeman, and Jr. J. E. Davis,\n\"Evaluation of Flight Control and Mesurol as repellents to reduce\nhorned lark (Eremophila alpestris) damage to lettuce seedlings\", Crop\nProtection 19, pp. 201-203, 2000."]}