Measuring surface magnetic fields of red supergiant stars
RSG stars are very massive cool evolved stars. Recently, a weak magnetic field was measured at the surface of $α$ Ori and this is so far the only M-type supergiant for which a direct detection of a surface magnetic field has been reported. By extending the search for surface magnetic field in a samp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Text |
| Language: | unknown |
| Published: |
arXiv
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1704.07761 https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.07761 |
| Summary: | RSG stars are very massive cool evolved stars. Recently, a weak magnetic field was measured at the surface of $α$ Ori and this is so far the only M-type supergiant for which a direct detection of a surface magnetic field has been reported. By extending the search for surface magnetic field in a sample of late-type supergiants, we want to determine whether the surface magnetic field detected on $α$ Ori is a common feature among the M-type supergiants. With the spectropolarimeter Narval at TBL we undertook a search for surface magnetic fields in a sample of cool supergiant stars, and we analysed circular polarisation spectra using the least-squares deconvolution technique. We detect weak Zeeman signatures of stellar origin in the targets CE Tau, $α^1$ Her and $μ$ Cep. For the latter star, we also show that cross-talk from the strong linear polarisation signals detected on this star must be taken into account. For CE Tau and $μ$ Cep, the longitudinal component of the detected surface fields is at the Gauss-level, such as in $α$~Ori. We measured a longitudinal field almost an order of magnitude stronger for $α^1$ Her. We also report variability of the longitudinal magnetic field of CE Tau and $α^1$ Her, with changes in good agreement with the typical atmospheric dynamics time-scales. We also report a non-detection of magnetic field at the surface of the yellow supergiant star $ρ$ Cas. The two RSG stars of our sample, CE Tau and $μ$ Cep, display magnetic fields very similar to that of $α$ Ori. The non-detection of a magnetic field on the post-RSG star $ρ$ Cas suggests that the magnetic field disappears, or at least becomes undetectable with present methods, at later evolutionary stages. Our analysis of $α^1$ Her supports the proposed reclassification of the star as an AGB star. : Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2017 April 19) |
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