Анализ макро- и микронутриентного профиля рациона питания юношей-аборигенов северо-востока России : Analysis of the macro-and micronutrient diet profile of young indigenous people in the northeast of Russia

• Published in: Yakut Medical Journal
• Main Authors: Аверьянова, Инесса Владиславовна, Вдовенко, Сергей Игоревич
• Format: Text
• Language: Russian
• Published: ФГБНУ "Якутский научный центр комплексных медицинских проблем" 2020
• Subjects: юноши; аборигены; рацион питания; макро-микронутриентный профиль рациона питания; Magadan; Chukotka
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.25789/ymj.2020.72.25; http://ymj.mednauka.com/data/72/72-25.pdf

Проведен анализ особенностей рациона питания юношей 17-21 года из числа аборигенного населения Магаданской области и Чукотского автономного округа. Установлены выраженные отклонения от действующих нормативных величин физиологических потребностей организма в макро- и микронутриентах. Показан выраженный дисбаланс пищевого профиля, характеризующийся недостаточным поступлением белков, жиров, эссенциальных микроэлементов и витаминов на фоне сниженной энергетической ценности суточного калоража. Выявлено, что данная дефицитная направленность рациона питания в значительно большей степени характерна для юношей, проживающих в г. Магадане. : Each ecological region has individual characteristics of metabolism particularly because of the indefinite landscape zone that can be inhabited by people of different ethnic and racial origin. The environmental factor of nutrition has a great influence on the metabolism characteristics. What macro- and micronutrients are consumed with food becomes a prognostic sign of the development of alimentary-dependent deviations that directly affect functional parameters of the body systems. The diet of 17-21 year old male indigenous residents of Magadan region (n = 38) and Chukotka Autonomous District (n = 52) has been analyzed. All the examinees were full-time students having similar living conditions. The ASPON-Nutrition program (Russia) was used to evaluate the young subjects' nutritional profiles by analyzing their daily diets. The studied parameters were proteins, fats, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and macro- and microelements. In addition, the energy value of the daily diet was assessed in kcal / day. Larger deviations from the current normative values of the body physiological needs in macro- and micronutrients have been found. The nutritional imbalance characterized by insufficient intake of proteins, fats, essential trace elements, and vitamins against the background of reduced energy value of daily calorie content has been shown. The revealed deficiency is much more typical at young men living in the city of Magadan. In general, the multilateral imbalance established in the diet of young indigenes indicates a violation of the basic principles of healthy eating (satisfying energy needs, balancing proteins, fats, carbohydrates) and can be associated with avoiding the traditional type of the diet by the indigenous population and turning to the classical Caucasian one which does not provide all the needs of the body of this ethnicity. : Якутский медицинский журнал, Выпуск 4 (72) 2020, Pages 102-105