Increased respiratory morbidity associated with exposure to a mature volcanic plume from a large Icelandic fissure eruption. ...

The 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland was the largest fissure eruption in over 200 years, emitting prodigious amounts of gas and particulate matter into the troposphere. Reykjavík, the capital area of Iceland (250 km from eruption site) was exposed to air pollution events from advection of (i) a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carlsen, Hanne Krage, Ilyinskaya, Evgenia, Baxter, Peter J, Schmidt, Anja, Thorsteinsson, Throstur, Pfeffer, Melissa Anne, Barsotti, Sara, Dominici, Francesca, Finnbjornsdottir, Ragnhildur Gudrun, Jóhannsson, Thorsteinn, Aspelund, Thor, Gislason, Thorarinn, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur, Briem, Haraldur, Gudnason, Thorolfur
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2021
Subjects:
Adult
Air Pollutants
Air Pollution
Asthma
Delivery of Health Care
Emergency Service, Hospital
Environmental Exposure
Humans
Iceland
Morbidity
Physicians, Primary Care
Public Health
Regression Analysis
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Risk
Self Report
Sulfur Dioxide
Surveys and Questionnaires
Volcanic Eruptions
Holuhraun
Reykjavík
Online Access:https://dx.doi.org/10.17863/cam.70607
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/323153
Description
Summary:The 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland was the largest fissure eruption in over 200 years, emitting prodigious amounts of gas and particulate matter into the troposphere. Reykjavík, the capital area of Iceland (250 km from eruption site) was exposed to air pollution events from advection of (i) a relatively young and chemically primitive volcanic plume with a high sulphur dioxide gas (SO2) to sulphate PM (SO42-) ratio, and (ii) an older and chemically mature volcanic plume with a low SO2/SO42- ratio. Whereas the advection and air pollution caused by the primitive plume were successfully forecast and forewarned in public advisories, the mature plume was not. Here, we show that exposure to the mature plume is associated with an increase in register-measured health care utilisation for respiratory disease by 23% (95% CI 19.7-27.4%) and for asthma medication dispensing by 19.3% (95% CI 9.6-29.1%). Absence of public advisories is associated with increases in visits to primary care medical doctors and to the ...

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