Seawater carbonate chemistry and microbioerosion of coral skeletons, supplement to: Reyes-Nivia, Catalina; Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo; Kline, David I; Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove; Dove, Sophie (2013): Ocean acidification and warming scenarios increase microbioerosion of coral skeletons. Global Change Biology, 19(6), 1919-1929

• Main Authors: Reyes-Nivia, Catalina, Diaz-Pulido, Guillermo, Kline, David I, Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove, Dove, Sophie
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science 2013
• Subjects: Animalia; Benthic animals; Benthos; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria <20 L; Calcification/Dissolution; Cnidaria; Coast and continental shelf; Hyella sp; Isopora cuneata; Laboratory experiment; Mastigocoleus testarum; Oscillatoria spp; Ostreobium spp; Plectonema terebrans; Porites cylindrica; Respiration; Single species; South Pacific; Spirulina sp.; Temperate; Temperature; Identification; Species; Treatment; Irradiance; Dissolution/calcification; Dissolution/calcification, standard error; Biomass; Biomass, standard error; Abundance; Abundance, standard error; Dissolution rate of calcium carbonate; Respiration rate, oxygen; pH; Distance; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air, standard error; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; pH, standard error; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Fugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet air; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Calcite saturation state; Loss of ignition analysis; Buoyant weighing technique Davies, 1989; Potentiometric titration; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. 2010; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA-ICC; Catalina; Diaz; Hoegh; Pacific; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.1594/pangaea.830261; https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.830261

Biological mediation of carbonate dissolution represents a fundamental component of the destructive forces acting on coral reef ecosystems. Whereas ocean acidification can increase dissolution of carbonate substrates, the combined impact of ocean acidification and warming on the microbioerosion of coral skeletons remains unknown. Here, we exposed skeletons of the reef-building corals, Porites cylindrica and Isopora cuneata, to present-day (Control: 400 µatm - 24 °C) and future pCO2-temperature scenarios projected for the end of the century (Medium: +230 µatm - +2 °C; High: +610 µatm - +4 °C). Skeletons were also subjected to permanent darkness with initial sodium hypochlorite incubation, and natural light without sodium hypochlorite incubation to isolate the environmental effect of acidic seawater (i.e., Omega aragonite <1) from the biological effect of photosynthetic microborers. Our results indicated that skeletal dissolution is predominantly driven by photosynthetic microborers, as samples held in the dark did not decalcify. In contrast, dissolution of skeletons exposed to light increased under elevated pCO2-temperature scenarios, with P. cylindrica experiencing higher dissolution rates per month (89%) than I. cuneata (46%) in the high treatment relative to control. The effects of future pCO2-temperature scenarios on the structure of endolithic communities were only identified in P. cylindrica and were mostly associated with a higher abundance of the green algae Ostreobium spp. Enhanced skeletal dissolution was also associated with increased endolithic biomass and respiration under elevated pCO2-temperature scenarios. Our results suggest that future projections of ocean acidification and warming will lead to increased rates of microbioerosion. However, the magnitude of bioerosion responses may depend on the structural properties of coral skeletons, with a range of implications for reef carbonate losses under warmer and more acidic oceans. : In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Lavigne and Gattuso, 2011) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2014-03-03.