Occurrence Download

• Main Author: Occdownload Gbif.Org
• Format: Dataset
• Language: unknown
• Published: The Global Biodiversity Information Facility 2021
• Subjects: GBIF; biodiversity; species occurrences; Alta; Austin; Canol; Norway; Tromsø; Queensland; Sheffield; Kostroma; Tula; Theodore; Nils; Kandalaksha; Yar; San Jose; Chapel Hill; Black Hills; Finnmark; Troms
• Online Access: https://dx.doi.org/10.15468/dl.kgcy4x; https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/download/0336582-200613084148143

A dataset containing 359342 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query: { "and" : [ "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters 0.0-1000.0", "OccurrenceStatus is Present", "TaxonKey is Dactylis glomerata L." ] } The dataset includes 359342 records from 344 constituent datasets: 60 records from Carnegie Museum of Natural History Herbarium. 1 records from Royal Ontario Museum Green Plant Herbarium (TRT). 795 records from Tasmanian Natural Values Atlas. 3 records from Données naturalistes de Ségolène FAUSTEN. 8 records from Malezas introducidas en México. 73 records from Grassland Surveys of Fife, 1972-1990. 2 records from Bioimages. 3 records from Museu Darder de Banyoles. 27 records from Données naturalistes de Cyril EPICOCO. 2 records from SJSU - Carl W. Sharsmith Herbarium, San Jose State University. 25 records from University of New Mexico Herbarium. 3 records from SCFS - Sagehen Herbarium. 382 records from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew - Herbarium Specimens. 33219 records from Artportalen (Swedish Species Observation System). 1 records from CAS Botany (BOT). 3 records from Herbario Nacional Colombiano (COL). 7966 records from Norwegian Species Observation Service. 43 records from Données naturalistes d'Anaïs MAS. 3 records from Florística de las gramíneas de Chihuahua. 1805 records from Vascular Plants, Field notes, Oslo (O). 12 records from HSC - Humboldt State University Vascular Plant Herbarium. 21 records from Données de la base Ecosphère. 4 records from Données des réserves naturelles nationales gérées par la Ligue pour la protection des oiseaux (LPO). 889 records from Records of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens from Ukrainian Grassland Database. 10 records from Local BioBlitz Challenge 2013. 1 records from Catálogo electrónico de especímenes depositados en el Herbario de la Universidad de Texas en Austin, Fase IV (Ejemplaresimagenes). 1 records from Vascular Herbarium, NMBU. 86 records from Relevés of Main Vegetation Types of the Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reserve (2019-2020). 4 records from Base de datos computarizada del herbario CIB, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana. 12585 records from Other BSBI Scottish data up to 2015. 1 records from Données naturalistes acquises sur les sites du MNHN. 424 records from Yorkshire Wildlife Trust - Non-sensitive records from all taxonomic groups. 7 records from TB Lee Herbarium Vascular Plant Collection Phase II. 4 records from Living Prairie Museum Manitoba Herbarium (LPMMBH). 53 records from Trondheim urban biodyversity survey. 1 records from Herbarium of Yuganskiy State Nature Reserve. 4 records from RNF - Données du Syndicat de Gestion des Gorges de l'Ardêche. 11354 records from Relevés floristiques du protocole de l'Inventaire National Forestier de l'IGN. 3 records from Inventaire du Lac de Marcenay (Bourgogne). 945 records from Dutch Foundation for Applied Water Research (STOWA) - Limnodata Neerlandica. 4 records from Anymals+plants - Citizen Science Data. 318 records from A common plants survey of vascular plants in South Northumberland and Durham, United Kingdom. 12 records from Overvåking av åpen grunnlendt kalkmark i Oslofjordområdet. 9 records from Données naturalistes d'Océane ROQUINARC'H. 1060 records from Isle of Man historical wildlife records 1990 to 1994. 64 records from Naturhistorisches Museum Mainz, Feldbeobachtungsdaten Pflanzen. 233 records from TWIC Biodiversity Field Trip Data (1995-present). 15 records from Pittsburg State University, Theodore M. Sperry Herbarium. 62 records from Occurrence data from various smaller projects in Norway. 3 records from Sistematización del Herbario Nacional Forestal Biól Luciano Vela Gálvez. 515 records from Vascular Plants, Field notes, Agder naturmuseum (KMN). 1 records from Plants, Bryophytes and Lichens recorded on the Nevis Estate during summer 2003.. 1 records from St Andrews BioBlitz 2016. 70 records from Biodiversitätsdatenbank Nationalpark Hohe Tauern. 338 records from Argyll Biological Records Dataset. 2027 records from Natural Resources Wales Regional Data : Mid-Wales. 7864 records from BRERC species records from all years at full resolution excluding Notable Species within the last 10 years. 21 records from Données Saint-Gobain Distribution Bâtiment France. 1 records from PAMP-tracheo: Vascular plants in Ribera Occidental de Navarra (Spain). PhD project, L. Garde. 2 records from Digitalización y Sistematización de las Colecciones Biológicas Nacionales del Instituto de Biología, UNAM (Plantas vasculares). 53 records from Hatikka Observation Database. 4 records from ERBG AVH data. 610 records from Données naturalistes d'Olivier ESCUDER. 163 records from EDP Foz-Tua: Vascular Flora and Habitats – Ecological and Complementary Measures Monitoring Programs – Construction Phase II [2015-2016] and Flooding Phase [2016-2017]. 224 records from Données naturalistes de Pierre HUGUENY. 125 records from River Pant historic river corridor surveys. 2 records from Finnish Floristic Database (Åbo Akademi University Collections). 15 records from Natural History Museum, Vienna - Herbarium W. 3 records from Données naturalistes de Pascal REVAULT. 1412 records from Finnish Floristic Database (Finnish Museum of Natural History Collections). 424 records from Vegetation surveys of coastal shingle in Great Britain. 14 records from EDP Foz-Tua: Vascular Flora – Complementary Studies and Baseline Year of the Ecological Monitoring Program [2011]. 52 records from CANB AVH data. 23 records from Quaid-i-Azam University Herbarium. 33 records from NRA River corridor survey data from 1990s - River Colne and Tributaries. 48 records from RNF - Données du Conservatoire d'espaces naturel Limousin. 163 records from Shire Group IDB species data 2004 to present. 142 records from Ireland's BioBlitz. 9 records from Finchingfield Brook historic river corridor surveys. 41 records from Manx Biological Recording Partnership VERIFIED Isle of Man records between 14/02/2017 and 05/09/2019. 11 records from NSW AVH data. 12 records from Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium. 343 records from Dr Mary Gillham Archive Project. 37 records from Observations occasionnelles Parc national des Pyrénées. 21 records from PAMP-tracheo: Vascular plants in Pamplona and surroundings (Navarra, Spain). Undergraduate thesis, R. Mayo. 433 records from Commissioned surveys and staff surveys and reports for Scottish Wildlife Trust reserves - Verified data. 3 records from Hertfordshire Flora Survey Records 1987-2005. 8 records from WildNet - Queensland Wildlife Data. 69 records from Moscow University Herbarium (MW). 2 records from The New York Botanical Garden Herbarium (NY). 163 records from Base de datos de plantas vasculares del País Vasco: ARAN-EH. 1519 records from National Plant Monitoring Scheme - England, Scotland, Wales. 1 records from 2017 North Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Combe Martin Devon Bioblitz. 59 records from Institut Botanic de Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-Ajuntament de Barcelona), BC-Plantae. 23 records from EDP Foz-Tua: Macrophytes – Ecological Monitoring Program [2011-2015]. 64 records from Virtual Herbarium ALTB (South-Siberian Botanical Garden). 2 records from Banco de datos florísticos del Herbario CHAP. 148 records from Sinfonevada: Dataset of Floristic diversity in Sierra Nevada forest (SE Spain). 48 records from Geneva Herbarium – General Collection (G). 1 records from Central Siberian Botanical Garden Herbarium (NS, NSK). 182 records from Nordic Genetic Resources. 133 records from Données acquises via le réseau du Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien. 7 records from RNF - Données du Conservatoire d'espaces naturel Franche-Comté. 1 records from Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium (WTU). 1 records from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Herbarium. 2241 records from Gloucestershire Historic Wildlife Sightings prior to 1st Jan 2000. 1 records from Estonian University of Life Sciences Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Vascular Plant Herbarium. 2 records from Données naturalistes de Philippe GOURDAIN. 8 records from Données naturalistes d'Aurélien CABARET. 24 records from Vascular Plant Collection. 17 records from DAV - UC Davis Herbarium. 1 records from Données naturalistes de AMBEC Nils. 1 records from Eastern Kentucky University, Ronald L. Jones Herbarium. 8 records from BRI AVH data. 1 records from Universität Salzburg. 8 records from CONN. 4 records from Natural History Museum (London) Collection Specimens. 70 records from Vascular plant herbarium (KMN) UiA. 25 records from Description of vegetation plots with Iris aphylla L. in European Russia. 3 records from SFV - California State University, Northridge. 40 records from Grassland and Heathland Survey at Bardon Hill 2008/9. 2 records from Forest vegetation of the northeastern part of the Kostroma region (European Russia). 2 records from Nijmegen Natural History Museum (NL) - Herbarium. 2 records from TUL Herbarium: Tula Oblast collections of vascular plants. 3 records from WOLL AVH data. 149 records from Estonian Naturalists’ Society. 205 records from Sheffield and Rotherham Wildlife Trust - Records. 70 records from Deer Creek Riparian Restoration Ecological Monitoring. 15 records from Welsh Invertebrate Database (WID). 4873 records from Banco de Datos de la Biodiversidad de la Comunitat Valenciana. 461 records from Jordal. 22 records from Miscellaneous Vascular Plants. 5 records from Herbario Universidad de Caldas - FAUC. 1 records from Wildlife Observations Bardon Hill 31.5.09. 17 records from Universidad del Paí­s Vasco/EHU, Bilbao: Herbario BIO. 10 records from University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium (ALTA-VP). 648 records from Vascular plant field notes, NTNU University Museum. 17 records from Masaryk University - Herbarium BRNU. 462 records from Long-Term Monitoring Network Vegetation Quadrats. 2 records from Herbario COFC de la Universidad de Córdoba: colección general de plantas vasculares. 19 records from Bell Museum plants. 23 records from National Plant Monitoring Scheme - Northern Ireland. 10 records from Segetal flora of Italy. 55 records from CeDoc de Biodiversitat Vegetal: BCN-Cormophyta. 9 records from Inventaire de la Forêt de la Commanderie, Fontainebleau. 2841 records from Shropshire Ecological Data Network database. 2396 records from Atlas Flora Danica. 1396 records from Isle of Man historical wildlife records 1995 to 1999. 46 records from RHS monitoring of native and naturalised plants and animals at its gardens and surrounding areas. 1 records from City of Edinburgh Natural Heritage Service - Historical Records. 1 records from PAMP-tracheo: Vascular plants in Sierra del Mendaur (Navarra, Spain). Undergraduate thesis, C. García-Zamora. 33 records from Finnish Floristic Database (Literature Sources). 2396 records from naturgucker. 304 records from EDP Foz-Tua: Vascular Flora – Ecological and Complentary Measures Monitoring Programs – Contruction Phase I [2012-2014]. 15 records from Survey and monitoring records for Scottish Wildlife Trust reserves from reserve convenors and Trust volunteers - Verified data. 1 records from TestWat - Macroinvertebrates and macrophytes of freshwater bodies in Flanders, Belgium. 25 records from CEDaR Online Recording. 49 records from Black Hills State University Herbarium. 10462 records from iNaturalist Research-grade Observations. 5 records from Desert Botanical Garden Herbarium. 6 records from Ecological surveys from Bardon Hill undertaken in the period 2000 to 2007. 171 records from EDP Baixo Sabor: Construction and Reservoir Filling Phases – Vascular Flora and Habitats: species from prioritary conservation habitats - [2010-2014]. 31 records from Flora of Słowiński National Park, Poland. 25 records from MHA Herbarium: collections of vascular plants. 1 records from Flora of zakaznyk "Kovalivskyj Yar" in the Kyiv Region. 6069 records from Environmental Monitoring Database Species data 1987 to 2015. 6 records from PERTH AVH data. 41 records from Données naturalistes de Xavier JAPIOT. 1657 records from Vascular plant records verified via iRecord. 2 records from Données naturalistes de PONCET Rémy. 2 records from Botany Division, Yale Peabody Museum. 102 records from Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA. 370 records from Pl@ntNet observations. 3 records from UNSW AVH data. 2 records from Observations lors des phases de reconnaissance et d'installation (terrestre) - La Planète Revisitée Corse 2019. 16 records from Données naturalistes de Pascal AMBLARD. 1 records from CDA - California Department of Food and Agriculture. 11 records from Spermatophyta specimens of Iwate Prefectural Museum. 2 records from FBIP: Great Escarpment Biodiversity Research Programme data mobilisation. 1 records from UAM Herbarium (ALA), Vascular Plant Collection (Arctos). 1 records from RNF - LPO Rhône-Alpes. 59 records from HO AVH data. 69 records from Colección de plantas vasculares del herbario de la Universitat de València (VAL). 309 records from All taxa records for Leicestershire and Rutland. 2 records from Dataset of Phenology of flora of mediterranean high-mountains meadows (Sierra Nevada). 1 records from NCSM Herbarium Collection. 8 records from Ty Canol National Nature Reserve (NNR) Species Inventory. 31 records from Grassland Survey of Central Region, 1989-90. 12 records from City of Edinburgh Natural Heritage Service - Ranger Patrol Records. 14 records from Churchyards for London. 217 records from National Trust for Scotland Species Records. 15 records from Deaver Herbarium (Northern Arizona University). 25 records from Universidad de Navarra, Herbarium: PAMP-Vascular Plants. 6 records from Natural History Museum Rotterdam - Specimens. 3 records from DNA AVH data. 7 records from Vascular plants from European Russia in the CSBG SB RAS Digital herbarium. 25 records from Vascular plants of Amrum 2007-2008. 2 records from Naturhistorisches Museum Mainz, Herbarium Oesau. 10 records from Intermountain Herbarium (Vascular plants & algae). 22 records from InboVeg - NICHE-Vlaanderen groundwater related vegetation relevés for Flanders, Belgium. 3 records from UCSB - University of California Santa Barbara Herbarium. 60 records from River Blackwater historic river corridor surveys. 84 records from MGC Herbarium of University of Malaga (Spain): MGC-Cormof dataset. 2 records from Standing Waters Database - Scotland. 96 records from Vascular Plant Herbarium, UiB. 1 records from BioBlitz Barcelona 2010-14. 239 records from Herbario HSS Finca La Orden-Valdesequera (CICYTEX). Junta de Extremadura. 4 records from PAMP-tracheo: Vascular plants recovery after a fire event in a mixed oak forest in Nazar (Navarra, Spain). PhD project, L. Alberdi. 1870 records from Phase 2 Lowland Grassland Survey of Wales. 2 records from Gunma Museum of Natural History, Vascular Plant Specimen. 18 records from Jeux de données provenant de l'ATBI Mercantour. 1734 records from Azorean Biodiversity Portal. 10 records from Pilotovervåking av dragehode Dracocephalum ruyschiana. 39 records from SBBG - Clifton Smith Herbarium, Santa Barbara Botanic Garden. 3 records from UCSC Herbarium - Kenneth S. Norris Center for Natural History, University of California Santa Cruz. 1 records from Central Michigan University. 1 records from Données naturalistes de Pierre NOEL (pnoel). 352 records from NRW Regional Data: all taxa (excluding sensitive species), West Wales. 12 records from Vascular Plants, Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger. 3 records from Données naturalistes de Laurent Léquivard. 65 records from RNF - Association Loiret Nature Environnement. 4 records from Conservation Atlas Surveys. 36 records from Données naturalistes de Paul ROUVEYROL. 1 records from Weber State University Herbarium. 2 records from University of Tennessee Vascular Herbarium. 16418 records from FLORIVON. 1 records from UKSBA Cyprus - Quadrats 2015-2017. 4 records from City of Edinburgh Natural Heritage Service - Natural Heritage Service Data. 4 records from Marie-Victorin Herbarium (MT) - Plantes vasculaires. 331 records from Flora of the Stołowe Mts.. 6 records from SD - SD Herbarium, San Diego Natural History Museum. 9840 records from Pl@ntNet automatically identified occurrences. 57 records from Steiermärkisches Landesmuseum Joanneum - Herbarium GJO. 16 records from Species recordings from the Danish National portal Arter.dk. 1 records from Grassland Surveys in North-East Scotland, 1989. 6454 records from SA Flora (BDBSA). 20290 records from Florabank1 - A grid-based database on vascular plant distribution in the northern part of Belgium (Flanders and the Brussels Capital region). 1 records from Inventaire de l'îlot du Lédénez Vraz. 74 records from R. L. McGregor Herbarium Vascular Plants Collection. 418 records from Northern Ireland Environment Agency (NIEA) Collated Species Records. 2 records from Herbarium of the Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reserve. 73 records from Patrick Roper’s Notebooks. 237 records from R.H.Wardell - Cardiff Nature Conservation Strategy - 1991 - 1998. 7 records from Sbp-BioBlitz2017_60years-BiodiversityData. 9 records from Inventaire de la réserve zoologique de la Haute Touche (Indre). 1226 records from NRW Regional Data: South East Wales Non-sensitive species. 1425 records from National Trust Species Records. 2 records from PAMP-tracheo: Vascular plants in La Demanda and Cameros mountain ranges (La Rioja, Spain). PhD project, L.M. Medrano. 10 records from Inventaires du Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen dans le cadre de l'ATBI Mercantour.. 42 records from Australasian Virtual Herbarium (AVH) data from the State Herbarium of South Australia (AD). 106057 records from The Danish Environmental Portal, species and habitats-database "Danmarks Miljøportals Naturdatabase". 2356 records from NSW BioNet Atlas. 26725 records from BSBI data from several English counties, up to 2015. 8 records from University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU. 13 records from Waarnemingen.be - Non-native plant occurrences in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region, Belgium. 2336 records from Polish gene bank – passport data of plants accessions which are important in human life. 2 records from Las monocotiledóneas mexicanas, una sinopsis florística. Parte II. 29 records from RNF - Données du Conservatoire d'espaces naturel Centre. 1 records from Biodiversity mapping in connection with Nature in Norway (NIN) in Troms and Finnmark, Norway (2018). 100 records from NRW Regional Data: North Wales. 73 records from Colección de plantas vasculares del Herbario "Jaime Andrés Rodríguez". LEB. 8 records from Isle of Man Historical Wildlife Records pre-1990. 111 records from iRecord Surveys. 533 records from Irish Crop Wild Relative Database. 4 records from EDIT - ATBI in Mercantour/Alpi Marittime (France/Italy). 37 records from Manx Biological Recording Partnership UNVERIFIED Isle of Man records between 14/02/2017 and 05/09/2019. 7 records from SWECO. 80 records from Phase 2 Woodland Survey of Wales. 4 records from Données naturalistes de Jeanne VALLET. 3 records from Données naturalistes de l'Association BDEM. 7101 records from Belgian IFBL Flora Checklists (1939-1971). 44 records from University of Colorado Museum of Natural History Herbarium Vascular Plant Collection. 21 records from Herbario de la Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona: UPNA-H. 6 records from Finnish Floristic Database (University of Turku Collections). 107 records from Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo (O) UiO. 4 records from Kathryn Kalmbach Herbarium. 1 records from Woodmeadow Botanical Survey 2018. 447 records from Observation.org, Nature data from around the World. 11 records from Données naturalistes de GAULTIER Cyrille. 3 records from Collections of Bioclass, school #179, Moscow. 7 records from iNaturalist records from Northern Ireland. 1 records from HSS-carpoteca (HSS-C) Finca La Orden-Valdesequera (CICYTEX). Junta de Extremadura. 3 records from Observations.be - Non-native species occurrences in Wallonia, Belgium. 1 records from Casual records for Scottish Wildlife Trust reserves - Verified data. 4 records from Species found in the NOMS estate 2005 - Present. 30 records from Jeu de données convention Eurovia-SPN-2012-2016. 6 records from University of Graz, Institute of Plant Sciences - Herbarium GZU. 10 records from Digitalización y sistematización de las colecciones biológicas del INECOL (Herbario). 1 records from RNF - Données de l'association ASTERS. 3 records from FSC - Fresno State Herbarium. 60 records from Vascular plant herbarium, UiT Tromsø Museum. 19 records from Données naturalistes de CERCOPE (Jean-Louis PRATZ). 2 records from Charles University Prague - Herbarium PRC. 422 records from Phase Two Lowland Heathland Survey. 36 records from University of Michigan Herbarium. 40 records from Biowide Species data. 28 records from Herbario de la Universitat de les Illes Balears. 1 records from SDSU - San Diego State University Herbarium. 3 records from Base de datos de las gramíneas (Poaceae) del noreste de México. 1 records from Overvåking Røsskleiva NR. 3 records from Vascular Plants, Observations, Oslo (O). 4 records from Vascular Plant Herbarium at the Kandalaksha Strict Nature Reserve (KAND), Russia. 2156 records from CSIC-Real Jardín Botánico-Anthos. Sistema de Información de las Plantas de España. 74 records from Vascular plant herbarium TRH, NTNU University Museum. 1 records from St Andrews BioBlitz 2015. 48 records from Conventions d’étude sur la biodiversité française – Partenariats du Service du patrimoine naturel. 9 records from TWIC - Identification Workshops dataset. 2982 records from Scottish SNH-funded BSBI records. 2 records from Institut Menorquí d'Estudis. Herbarium Generale Minoricae: HGM. 3 records from Photographs of higher plants, mosses, fungi, lichens, and algae. 17 records from DEMNA-DNE : Exotic plant occurrences in Wallonia. 106 records from Grassland Survey of Lochaber 1990-94. 3 records from Données naturalistes de Julien BIRARD [Inventaire Eclair 18 juin]. 1 records from South Lanarkshire peatland records 2013. 2138 records from Biodiversitätsdatenbank Salzburg. 398 records from NZ National Vegetation Survey occurrence data. 32 records from RSA - California Botanic Garden Herbarium. 5 records from OBI - Robert F. Hoover Herbarium, Cal Poly State University. 72 records from Herbario ABH (Universidad de Alicante). 1 records from St Andrews BioBlitz 2014. 23 records from Tidlig oppdagelse og varsling av fremmede arter 2019. 159 records from Données naturalistes de Pierre DUFRENE. 8 records from Ecofact. 13 records from CHSC - CSU Chico, Chico State Herbarium - Vascular Plants. 15 records from Inventaire et suivis d'espèces dans le Parc national des Cévennes. 124 records from Occurrence Data of Vascular Plants from Abandoned Agricultural Fields (Moscow and Tula Regions, Russia). 7 records from Phase 2 Lowland Peatland Survey of Wales 2004 onwards. 15 records from MEL AVH data. 2 records from Etapa final de la captura y catalogación del Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Centro Regional del Bajío. 10 records from Species within North Ayrshire from 1984 - Present. 219 records from RNF - Conservatoire d'espaces naturel Nord-Pas-de-Calais. 15 records from Herbario de la Facultad de Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (MAF). 17 records from NINA botanical collection. 881 records from Israel Nature and Parks Authority. 1 records from City of Edinburgh Natural Heritage Service - Hermitage Wildflower Meadow. 759 records from Fermanagh Flora. 36 records from Weed plants of the European part of Russia. 1 records from Plants, Bryophytes and Lichens recorded on Quinag in 2006-2007. 53 records from University of British Columbia Herbarium (UBC) - Vascular Plant Collection. 19 records from RNF - Données de l'association Vivarmor Nature. 134 records from Stackpole National Nature Reserve Species Inventory and Ad-hoc Sightings from Across Pembrokeshire. 10 records from Effects of vegetation clearing on vascular plants in power line clearings southeast Norway. 11095 records from Victorian Biodiversity Atlas. 3 records from Floristic records in the Moscow and Novgorod regions. Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.