| Summary: | The species composition of the ichthyofauna of the Czech Republic is largely determined by the fact that the Czech river system spans the drainage basins that feed into three seas (North Sea, Baltic Sea, Black Sea). The individual species often differ in quantitative parameters within these three drainage basins which complicates the classification of their overall threat levels. The current version of the Red List evaluates 4 lamprey species and 55 fish species that are considered to be native. Compared to the previous version (2010), the classification of Proterorhinus semilunaris has changed, now being classified as an alien species, while Umbra krameri has been newly added. One species that has historically occurred in our territory is classified as Extinct (Coregonus oxyrinchus), while 2 other lamprey species and 5 other fish species are classified as Regionally Extinct in Czech Republic (RE). These predominantly include anadromous species. Two species (Hucho hucho, Anguilla anguilla) are considered to be Extinct in the Wild (EW). The Critically Endangered (CR) category includes 1 lamprey species and 14 fish species, with the majority of species mostly occurring in a single location of the Czech Republic and in low numbers at the same time. Two fish species (Misgurnus fossilis, Cobitis elongatoides), are classified as Endangered (EN). Lampetra planeri and 7 fish species are classified as Vulnerable (VU), while 8 fish species are in the Near Threatened (NT) category. The other (16) native species are classified as Least Concern (LC). Newly detected Gobio obtusirostris is classified as Data Deficient (DD). The most important adverse threats remain river fragmentation, alien invasive species and predation of locally overpopulated piscivorous predators. Inadequately updated regulations governing the legislative protection of ichthyofauna are also a fundamental problem.
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