Распределение и некоторые черты биологии четырех редких видов камбал (Pleuronectiformes; Pleuronectidae) в прикурильских и прикамчатских водах Тихого океана

• Main Authors: Орлов, А., Токранов, А.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие «Тихоокеанский научно-исследовательский рыбохозяйственный центр» 2006
• Subjects: Pacific; Kamchatka
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/raspredelenie-i-nekotorye-cherty-biologii-chetyreh-redkih-vidov-kambal-pleuronectiformes-pleuronectidae-v-prikurilskih-i; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/5446047.png

Приведены некоторые количественные характеристики встречаемости четырех редких видов камбал (глубоководная камбала Embassichthys bathybius, малорот Стеллера Glyptocephalus stelleri, длинноперый малорот G. zachirus и дальневосточный малорот Microstomus achne) в районе исследований, рассмотрены особенности их пространственного и вертикального распределения, зависимости величины уловов и встречаемости от придонной температуры, проанализирована динамика величины уловов и встречаемости в зависимости от времени суток, сезона и в многолетнем аспекте. Кроме того, приводятся данные по видовому составу сопутствующих рассматриваемым камбалам видов в уловах, их размерному составу и зависимостям между длиной и массой тела. Four rare flatfish species as deepsea sole Embassichthys bathybius (Gilbert, 1891), Korean flounder Glyptocephalus stelleri (Schmidt, 1904), rex sole G. zachirus (Lockington, 1879), and slime flounder Microstomus achne (Jordan et Starks, 1904) are considered in the Pacific waters off the northern Kuril Islands and southeastern Kamchatka. Besides of common information on their range, depths inhabited and maximum sizes, some quantitative indices of occurrence within the area, patterns of their spatial and vertical distributions are presented. Dependence of the catch rates and occurrence on bottom temperature, time of the day, and season are analyzed, as well as year-to-year variations of the catches. The data on co-occurring of the species in catches are provided. Size compositions and relations between length and body weight are presented. Spatial distributions of the species demonstrate their preference of three local areas (southeastern Kamchatka shelf, shelf of Paramushir Island, and underwater plateau off the Kuril Islands) those coincide with locations of three anti-cyclonic quasi-stationary eddies. Maximum catches of the rex sole occur in the first area, the Korean flounder in the second area, the deepsea sole and slime flounder over the underwater plateau. The deepsea sole is the most deepwater species among the considered ones: it is found mostly at the depths 300350 m and > 600 m. The Korean flounder is the most abundant within the depth ranges 300350 m and 400450 m. The maximum abundance of the rex sole is at the depths 250300 m and 350400 m. The slime flounder is the shallowest among the considered flatfishes, dwelling mainly between 250 and 300 m. The deepsea sole is also the most warm-water among the four species, it prefers bottom water temperature 3.03.5 °C. The slime flounder prefers the waters with the temperature > 3 °C, as well. On the contrary, the Korean flounder was caught usually in conditions of 12 °C. Catches of all species were the highest in light time. Maximum catches of the rex sole and slime flounder were recorded between 712 a.m. Catches of the Korean flounder were the maximal in 46 a.m. The deepsea sole occured mainly in the catches between 79 a.m. and 1318 p.m. The catches have a seasonal dynamics: the rex sole and slime flounder were more usual in the catches obtained in autumn months (September-October), but the deepsea sole and Korean flounder in spring-summer season (May-July). All species have considerable year-to-year fluctuations of their abundance. Relative abundance of the deepsea sole increased gradually until 1996 and then had decreased significantly. Abundance of the Korean flounder was the highest in 1996, then decreased, and there were no captures of this flatfish after 1999. The rex sole in the study area was caught firstly in 1998, its maximum abundance was recorded in 2002, and then the catch had decreased sharply. Variation of the slime flounder abundance does not demonstrate any regularity; its maximum levels were noted in 1998 and 2001.