ОРГАНИЗОВАННЫЙ НАБОР РАБОЧИХ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ И СТРОЙКИ УРАЛА, СИБИРИ И ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА В СЕРЕДИНЕ 1940-Х - КОНЦЕ 1950-Х ГГ. (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ КИРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

• Main Author: ЧЕРНЫШЕВА НАТАЛЬЯ ВИКТОРОВНА
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет» 2016
• Subjects: ОРГАНИЗОВАННЫЙ НАБОР РАБОЧИХ,МИГРАЦИИ,НАСЕЛЕНИЕ КИРОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ,ORGANIZED RECRUITMENT OF WORKERS,MIGRATION,POPULATION OF KIROV OBLAST; Aldan; Kama; Arkhangelsk; Sakhalin; Yakut; Arkhangelsk Oblast; Siberia
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/organizovannyy-nabor-rabochih-na-predpriyatiya-i-stroyki-urala-sibiri-i-dalnego-vostoka-v-seredine-1940-h-kontse-1950-h-gg-na-materialah; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/16937989.png

Анализируются вопросы организованного набора рабочих на предприятия и стройки Урала, Сибири и Дальнего Востока в 1940-1950-е гг. Определяются трудности организации набора в Кировской области, масштабы оттока населения и основные отрасли народного хозяйства, использующие рабочую силу. The article analyzes the issues of organized recruitment of workers for the enterprises and construction sites of the Urals, Siberia and the Far East in the 1940s-1950s. The author determines recruitment problems in Kirov Oblast, the scale of the population outflow and the main branches of the economy that used labor force. Organized recruitment as a form of labor migration was recruitment of urban and rural population on a voluntary basis for permanent and seasonal work at plants and construction sites of the USSR. Since June 1, 1947, organized recruitment of laborers was revived in the USSR and its procedure was established. In the early postwar years the annual plan of organized recruitment of workers from the region ranged from 14,000 to 18,000. In 1946-1950 nearly 100,000 people were hired and sent to their working places. By 1950, the work force outflow from Kirov Oblast started to significantly affect its economy. In the next five years, the number of the recruited for other regions was not so high. In 1953-1955, 184 workers out of 17,397 recruited were sent to permanent employment outside the region. In early 1956, the recruitment intensity increased again. But this time they sent workers outside the region as well as welcomed new employees. In 1957, the import of workers for Kirov Oblast exceeded export for the first time (being twice as much as export). Migration statistics data of the mid-1940s late 1950s tell us about the negative migration balance in Kirov Oblast. An especially great negative gain occurred due to contacts with Moscow, Leningrad, Sverdlovsk, the Karelo-Finnish SSR, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Kuzbass, South Sakhalin, as well as resettlement to Kaliningrad Oblast. There was recruitment for such enterprises and construction sites as Sevhimles and Komiles trusts, Dalpromkadry the enterprises of Sakhalin Oblast, the Kirov Factory in Chelyabinsk, Gubakhshakhstroy and Uraltopstroyles trusts, construction of Kama hydroelectric power station, Zakamsk heat electropower station, Magnitstroy trust, as well as sending the Bokson expedition to the Buryat-Mongol ASSR, the Aldan expedition to the Yakut ASSR and many others. In the difficult postwar period people lived in the most dreadful poverty. Therefore, social and economic guarantees were provided to solve labor recruitment problems, further employment of workers. Solving the problems of economic development of the eastern territories, the state drew human resources from the European part of the country, while "donor" regions were experiencing significant difficulties. These processes continued in the 1960s-1970s and got a new vector of development in modern Russia.