К вопросу о весенней активизации сейсмической деятельности в горах

• Main Author: ЛЮШВИН ПЕТР ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Автономная некоммерческая организация Научно-издательский Центр "Пространство и Время" 2015
• Subjects: АКТИВИЗАЦИЯ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ,ГЛУБИНА ОЧАГОВ ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ,ВНУТРИГОДОВОЙ ХОД ЧИСЛА ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЙ,ТЕМПЕРАТУРА ВОЗДУХА,ВЛАЖНОСТЬ ВОЗДУХА,ТАЯНИЕ СНЕГА И ЛЬДА,ACTIVATION OF EARTHQUAKES,FOCAL DEPTH OF EARTHQUAKES,INTRA-ANNUAL CYCLE OF EARTHQUAKES,AIR TEMPERATURE,AIR HUMIDITY,THAWING; Kamchatka Peninsula; Norwegian Sea; Spring Point; Kamchatka; Northern Finland
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/k-voprosu-o-vesenney-aktivizatsii-seysmicheskoy-deyatelnosti-v-gorah; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/16076633.png

Известно, что высоконапорные плотины имплантированные в земную кору техногенные тектонические блоки способны генерировать землетрясения при пригрузке их весом воды водохранилища. Аналогичным образом весеннее смещение масс тающего снега и воды в горах (на раздробленных блоках коры) совпадает по срокам с активизацией землетрясений, характерно это не только для слабых землетрясений. Modern urban planning is actively carried out in mountainous areas, which in some cases are considered more seismic safety than intermountain plains. However, earthquakes occur in mountains, and seismic activation is of cyclical (seasonal) nature. The subject of my research is a seasonal rise in seismic activity in mountains which I analyzed by comparing the number of earthquakes, their energy and depth of the epicenters with the temperature and air relative humidity. I carried out the selection of data according the authoritative catalogs in a way that foreshocks and aftershocks are not exerted a dominant influence. In my research I relied on a well-known fact that the high-pressure dams, which are man-made tectonic blocks implanted into the earth's crust, are capable of generating earthquakes when surcharging by the weight of water reservoirs. There are a number of works, authors of which show that, in a similar manner, the mass displacement of the spring thawing in mountains (on fragmented blocks of crust) coincides in time with earthquakes activation. This phenomenon is characteristic not only of weak earthquakes. Test regions are mountainous areas of Scandinavia (northern Finland), south of the Kamchatka Peninsula and the south of Europe (Tyrol in Austria, Bulgaria and Romania). In northern Finland, feature of activation of seismic activity is its spring confinedness; increase in the number of earthquakes occurs in warm, humid air (relative humidity 90%). In April, the average depth of the earthquake foci decreases from 13 to 7-8 km. However, these phenomena do not occur every year. The reasons for this is the amount of accumulated snow and the nature of thawing, evaporation predominance over the thawing or vice versa. In contrast, spring earthquakes activation is not typical for seaward of the Norwegian Sea, apparently due to lack of appropriate displacements of spring point loads on the lithospheric blocks. For the south-east of the Kamchatka Peninsula in 1998-2013, earthquakes activation was typical in May, magnitudes reached a value of 5.5, earthquake foci depth was of 50-200 km. I show there were no any manifestations of certain trends in the values of magnitudes and depths of earthquake foci in spring. For the mountains of Austria, Romania and Bulgaria spring earthquakes activation is also typical, when the average daily temperature of moist air is -3º … +5º C. There were no either certain trends in the depths of earthquake foci in the spring, or the widespread earthquakes intensification in October and November. For all of these regions, I show a graphical representation of intra-annual cycle of earthquakes. I conclude seismic activity increases in mountains in spring during the phase transitions, i.e. under displacement of masses of thawing snow and water (similar to earthquakes at sharp changes of load water at high pressure dams). There are trends towards a decrease in focal depth during the spring mass thawing in northern Scandinavia, where shallow-focus earthquakes prevail.