ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКАЯ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЧЕРНОБРОВОЙ КАМЫШЕВКИ ACROCEPHALUS BISTRIGICEPS SWINHOE, 1860 НА ДАЛЬНЕМ ВОСТОКЕ РОССИИ

• Main Authors: Малых, Ирина, Редькин, Ярослав
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Русский орнитологический журнал 2012
• Subjects: Buff; Sakhalin
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/geograficheskaya-izmenchivost-chernobrovoy-kamyshevki-acrocephalus-bistrigiceps-swinhoe-1860-na-dalnem-vostoke-rossii; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/15471526.png

Presence of geographic variability in Acrocephalus bistrigiceps was mentioned only once by Y.Yamashina (Yamashina 1939). He pointed out some minor differences in plumage coloration among specimens from Manchuria, Sakhalin, Hokkaido and Honshu. But lacking representative data he didn’t make any taxonomic estimation of this phenomenon. Berndt Leisler with colleagues found out 3.5% differences in mtDNA marker cytochome b between samples from the mainland part of range and birds wintering in Thailand (Leisler et al. 1997). However the authors lacked samples of breeding birds from island populations. We examined skins from ornithological collections of Zoological Museum of Moscow State University (ZMMU), Zoological museum of National Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (ZMAU), Kirov City Zoological Museum (KCZM), Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBSS FEB RAS), Far East State University (FESU), Moscow State Darwin Museum (SDM), Moscow Pedagogical State University (MPSU) and Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IMGG FEB RAS). In total 205 specimens from different parts of breeding range were examined, with all types of plumage included (Tab. 1). The comparison of plumage coloration for specimens in breeding (worn) and fresh (from late August to October) plumage was carried out separately. Having poor series of juvenile specimens we don’t discuss their geographical variation here. For naming colors and tinges of plumage we referred to Naturalist’s Color Guide (Smithe 1975). Code number of each tinge is cited in brackets after corresponding tinge names. The wing length was measured with ruler having wing straightened along the ruler as much as possible. Other measurements were taken with calipers. Tail length was measured from the basis of centre pair of rectrices to the rectrices tips. Tarsus measurements were taken from intertarsal joint to the base of middle finger. Bill measurements included length from anterior edge of nostril to the tip of bill (bill length from nostril), length of culmen from rear edge of rhamphotheca to the bill tip (bill length), width of bill at its basis and height of bill at posterior edge of nostril. Toe length was measured from toe basis to the claw basis. Claw was measured from its basis to the tip. The primary projection was estimated as a distance from the tip of 11th (first secondary) flight feather to the longest primary (3rd or 4th). Total body length, head length (from the nape to the tip of the bill), wingspan and weight were measured on freshly collected specimens just before preparation. When samples with normal distribution were analyzed, Student t -criterion was used. For the sample from Kunashir, which is small and doesn’t distribute normally, we apply Mann-Whitney U -test. According to the data analysis we consider Acrocephalus bistrigiceps to be a polytypic species and describe two new subspecies from island part of its breeding range (Fig. 4). Acrocephalus bistrigiceps bistrigiceps Swinhoe, 1860 Differs from both island races by brighter plumage coloration. Upperparts of adults in worn plumage are Dark Drab (C.119B) or Hair Brown (C.119A) and being lighter than those in Sakhalin race, but darker than in birds from Southern Kuril isles and Japan. In fresh plumage upperparts have the same tone with prominent umber tinge (Raw Umber, C.123). Sometimes this umber tinge remains to some extent till the breeding season. Underparts coloration is more intensive than in other subspecies, especially in fresh plumage specimens. Breast, sides of neck and body, undertail covers have intensive Buff (C.124) tinge. Sides of body with intense Tawny Olive (C.223D) tone that spreads wider than in other races. During plumage abrasion the coloration of these parts becomes paler and can be almost lost to the end of July. It has on average the smallest measurements (Tab. 2, 3). This race is widespread throughout the mainland part of the breeding range. Acrocephalus bistrigiceps sachalinensis Malykh et Redkin, subsp. n. Holotype. Male, ad., 03.05.2009, Sakhalin I., Tymovsk district, Tym’ river 50° 52’N; 142°37’E. coll. Red’kin Ya.A. (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127815. Paratypes: Male, ad., 21.06.2009, Sakhalin I., Aniva rdistrict, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk city 46°57’N; 142°43’E, coll. A.I. Gizenko (skin), ZISP N63038/155-950; Female, ad., 27.06.2009. Sakhalin I., Tymovsk district, Pilenga river, Pastush’ye field 51°01’N; 142°50’E, coll. Ya.A. Red’kin (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127820; Female, ad., 24.06.2009, from the same place, coll. Ya.A. Red’kin (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127819. The darkest race. Plumage coloration is close to bistrigiceps but upperparts are darker Dark Brownish Olive (C.129) with less intensive umber tone. Dark tinge on the sides of body is of the same intensiveness as in bistrigiceps but covers smaller area. In fresh plumage the differences are less remarkable but they still differ in colder Hair Brown (C.119) with slight touch of umber (Raw Umber, C.123) tone. Slightly bigger than nominate race in size (Tab. 2, 3). Length of wing, primaries projection and tarsus are bigger on average ( P Presence of geographic variability in Acrocephalus bistrigiceps was mentioned only once by Y.Yamashina (Yamashina 1939). He pointed out some minor differences in plumage coloration among specimens from Manchuria, Sakhalin, Hokkaido and Honshu. But lacking representative data he didn’t make any taxonomic estimation of this phenomenon. Berndt Leisler with colleagues found out 3.5% differences in mtDNA marker cytochome b between samples from the mainland part of range and birds wintering in Thailand (Leisler et al. 1997). However the authors lacked samples of breeding birds from island populations. We examined skins from ornithological collections of Zoological Museum of Moscow State University (ZMMU), Zoological museum of National Museum of Natural History, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (ZMAU), Kirov City Zoological Museum (KCZM), Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBSS FEB RAS), Far East State University (FESU), Moscow State Darwin Museum (SDM), Moscow Pedagogical State University (MPSU) and Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IMGG FEB RAS). In total 205 specimens from different parts of breeding range were examined, with all types of plumage included (Tab. 1). The comparison of plumage coloration for specimens in breeding (worn) and fresh (from late August to October) plumage was carried out separately. Having poor series of juvenile specimens we don’t discuss their geographical variation here. For naming colors and tinges of plumage we referred to Naturalist’s Color Guide (Smithe 1975). Code number of each tinge is cited in brackets after corresponding tinge names. The wing length was measured with ruler having wing straightened along the ruler as much as possible. Other measurements were taken with calipers. Tail length was measured from the basis of centre pair of rectrices to the rectrices tips. Tarsus measurements were taken from intertarsal joint to the base of middle finger. Bill measurements included length from anterior edge of nostril to the tip of bill (bill length from nostril), length of culmen from rear edge of rhamphotheca to the bill tip (bill length), width of bill at its basis and height of bill at posterior edge of nostril. Toe length was measured from toe basis to the claw basis. Claw was measured from its basis to the tip. The primary projection was estimated as a distance from the tip of 11th (first secondary) flight feather to the longest primary (3rd or 4th). Total body length, head length (from the nape to the tip of the bill), wingspan and weight were measured on freshly collected specimens just before preparation. When samples with normal distribution were analyzed, Student t -criterion was used. For the sample from Kunashir, which is small and doesn’t distribute normally, we apply Mann-Whitney U -test. According to the data analysis we consider Acrocephalus bistrigiceps to be a polytypic species and describe two new subspecies from island part of its breeding range (Fig. 4). Acrocephalus bistrigiceps bistrigiceps Swinhoe, 1860 Differs from both island races by brighter plumage coloration. Upperparts of adults in worn plumage are Dark Drab (C.119B) or Hair Brown (C.119A) and being lighter than those in Sakhalin race, but darker than in birds from Southern Kuril isles and Japan. In fresh plumage upperparts have the same tone with prominent umber tinge (Raw Umber, C.123). Sometimes this umber tinge remains to some extent till the breeding season. Underparts coloration is more intensive than in other subspecies, especially in fresh plumage specimens. Breast, sides of neck and body, undertail covers have intensive Buff (C.124) tinge. Sides of body with intense Tawny Olive (C.223D) tone that spreads wider than in other races. During plumage abrasion the coloration of these parts becomes paler and can be almost lost to the end of July. It has on average the smallest measurements (Tab. 2, 3). This race is widespread throughout the mainland part of the breeding range. Acrocephalus bistrigiceps sachalinensis Malykh et Redkin, subsp. n. Holotype. Male, ad., 03.05.2009, Sakhalin I., Tymovsk district, Tym’ river 50° 52’N; 142°37’E. coll. Red’kin Ya.A. (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127815. Paratypes: Male, ad., 21.06.2009, Sakhalin I., Aniva rdistrict, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk city 46°57’N; 142°43’E, coll. A.I. Gizenko (skin), ZISP N63038/155-950; Female, ad., 27.06.2009. Sakhalin I., Tymovsk district, Pilenga river, Pastush’ye field 51°01’N; 142°50’E, coll. Ya.A. Red’kin (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127820; Female, ad., 24.06.2009, from the same place, coll. Ya.A. Red’kin (skin with associated wing), ZMMU R–127819. The darkest race. Plumage coloration is close to bistrigiceps but upperparts are darker Dark Brownish Olive (C.129) with less intensive umber tone. Dark tinge on the sides of body is of the same intensiveness as in bistrigiceps but covers smaller area. In fresh plumage the differences are less remarkable but they still differ in colder Hair Brown (C.119) with slight touch of umber (Raw Umber, C.123) tone. Slightly bigger than nominate race in size (Tab. 2, 3). Length of wing, primaries projection and tarsus are bigger on average ( P