Хищные птицы и совы плато Шагырай, Казахстан
Methods The central part of the Shagyray Plateau was surveyed on 10-12 May 2004 and 14-25 May 2006. The total area of cliff territories in the central part of the Shagyray Plateau is measured 150 km2. A half of the territory was surveyed. The total length of survey routes was 500 km. We set 3 study...
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Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Сибэкоцентр»
2006
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| Online Access: | http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/hischnye-ptitsy-i-sovy-plato-shagyray-kazahstan http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/14647178.png |
| Summary: | Methods The central part of the Shagyray Plateau was surveyed on 10-12 May 2004 and 14-25 May 2006. The total area of cliff territories in the central part of the Shagyray Plateau is measured 150 km2. A half of the territory was surveyed. The total length of survey routes was 500 km. We set 3 study areas with a total area of 100 km2 (№ 1 37, № 2 37, № 3 26 km2) in the central part of the Shagyray Plateau. The found breeding territories of raptors were GPSed and mapped with using GIS software (ArcView 3.2a, ESRI, CA, USA) for the subsequent calculation of the density. Results of studies Ten species of Falconiformes and two species of Strigiformes were recorded on the surveyed territory, and 7 species of Falconiformes and 2 Owls species were found breeding. A total of 57 breeding territories of birds of prey and owls were registered; nests were found for 40 breeding territories of raptors (fig. 4). Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Three adults were observed in the study area in 2004, and five in 2006. Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) Twelve adults were noted in the study area № 3 in 2006. Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) We found 3 breeding territories on cliffs. An active nest of the Golden Eagle located on a cliff was found in 2004. This nest was empty in 2006. A pair consisted of adult and young bird was noted no breeding in the area № 1 in 2006. A total of 3-6 pairs are estimated to live at the surveyed area. Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) Six breeding territories of the Imperial Eagle were found. Occupied nests were noted at 5. All nests were located on the top of trees in small canyons (3 Elaeagnus, 2 Tamarix, 1 Salix) (fig. 6). The distance between nests was 3.2-4.8 km. A total of 10-12 pairs are estimated to live in the surveyed area. We registered 3 nests with 2 chicks per each and 2 nests with 3 chicks per each. Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) We found 2 nests in 2004 and 16 breeding territories and 9 active nests in 2006. All nests were built up on the top (fig. 7) and slope of hills (5 nests), on the top of single rocks on high 4-6 m (2 nests), on clay cliff-faces (2 nests); on the top of tree on high 2 m (1 nest). The distance between occupied nests and the breeding area centers was 3.3 km on average (1.67-5.61 km). The density was a 0.1 pair per km2 cliffs territory, and a total of 25-35 pairs are estimated in the surveyed area. Long-Legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) Ten breeding territories of the Long-legged Buzzards with active nests were found. The average brood size was 2.5 chicks (1-3). A total of 10 nests of the Long-Legged Buzzard were located on clay cliff-faces in the middle or upper part on high 3-25 m (at average 12.5±6.8 m). The average distance between active nests was 3.5 km (2.9-5.9 km). The density was a 0.08 (plot 3) 0.14 (plots 1-2) pair per 1 km2 cliffs territory, and a total of 22-27 pairs are estimated for the surveyed area. Black Kite (Milvus migrans lineatus) An adult bird was recorded in the study plot №1 on 16 May 2006. Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) The rare possible breeding species. A male was observed in the study area № 3 on the Plateau on 25 May 2006. Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) We found 4 breeding territories with active nests in 2006. All nests were located in niches in the middle and upper part of clay cliff-faces on high 15-30 m (fig. 10). The distance between nests on the area № 3 was 5 and 7 km. The density was a 0.08 pair per km2 cliffs territory. A total of 6-8 pairs of the Saker are estimated for the surveyed area. Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) The species is common breeder of cliff-faces. Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) The species is rare breeder of cliff-faces. Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) We found 12 breeding territories of the Eagle Owl in 2006. All nests were located in niches (fig. 12): 8 in the bottom part of cliff-faces, 2 in the upper part of cliff-faces. The average brood size was 3,5 chicks (n=10; 2-5). The distance between nests and the centers of breeding areas of Eagle Owls was 3.73 km (1.73-4.85 km). The density was a 0.11 pair per km2 cliffs territory. A total of 18-24 pairs of the Eagle Owl are estimated in the surveyed area. Little Owl (Athene noctua) Two pairs with characteristic breeding behavior were observed in areas №2 and №3. Methods The central part of the Shagyray Plateau was surveyed on 10-12 May 2004 and 14-25 May 2006. The total area of cliff territories in the central part of the Shagyray Plateau is measured 150 km2. A half of the territory was surveyed. The total length of survey routes was 500 km. We set 3 study areas with a total area of 100 km2 (№ 1 37, № 2 37, № 3 26 km2) in the central part of the Shagyray Plateau. The found breeding territories of raptors were GPSed and mapped with using GIS software (ArcView 3.2a, ESRI, CA, USA) for the subsequent calculation of the density. Results of studies Ten species of Falconiformes and two species of Strigiformes were recorded on the surveyed territory, and 7 species of Falconiformes and 2 Owls species were found breeding. A total of 57 breeding territories of birds of prey and owls were registered; nests were found for 40 breeding territories of raptors (fig. 4). Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus) Three adults were observed in the study area in 2004, and five in 2006. Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) Twelve adults were noted in the study area № 3 in 2006. Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) We found 3 breeding territories on cliffs. An active nest of the Golden Eagle located on a cliff was found in 2004. This nest was empty in 2006. A pair consisted of adult and young bird was noted no breeding in the area № 1 in 2006. A total of 3-6 pairs are estimated to live at the surveyed area. Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) Six breeding territories of the Imperial Eagle were found. Occupied nests were noted at 5. All nests were located on the top of trees in small canyons (3 Elaeagnus, 2 Tamarix, 1 Salix) (fig. 6). The distance between nests was 3.2-4.8 km. A total of 10-12 pairs are estimated to live in the surveyed area. We registered 3 nests with 2 chicks per each and 2 nests with 3 chicks per each. Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) We found 2 nests in 2004 and 16 breeding territories and 9 active nests in 2006. All nests were built up on the top (fig. 7) and slope of hills (5 nests), on the top of single rocks on high 4-6 m (2 nests), on clay cliff-faces (2 nests); on the top of tree on high 2 m (1 nest). The distance between occupied nests and the breeding area centers was 3.3 km on average (1.67-5.61 km). The density was a 0.1 pair per km2 cliffs territory, and a total of 25-35 pairs are estimated in the surveyed area. Long-Legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) Ten breeding territories of the Long-legged Buzzards with active nests were found. The average brood size was 2.5 chicks (1-3). A total of 10 nests of the Long-Legged Buzzard were located on clay cliff-faces in the middle or upper part on high 3-25 m (at average 12.5±6.8 m). The average distance between active nests was 3.5 km (2.9-5.9 km). The density was a 0.08 (plot 3) 0.14 (plots 1-2) pair per 1 km2 cliffs territory, and a total of 22-27 pairs are estimated for the surveyed area. Black Kite (Milvus migrans lineatus) An adult bird was recorded in the study plot №1 on 16 May 2006. Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) The rare possible breeding species. A male was observed in the study area № 3 on the Plateau on 25 May 2006. Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) We found 4 breeding territories with active nests in 2006. All nests were located in niches in the middle and upper part of clay cliff-faces on high 15-30 m (fig. 10). The distance between nests on the area № 3 was 5 and 7 km. The density was a 0.08 pair per km2 cliffs territory. A total of 6-8 pairs of the Saker are estimated for the surveyed area. Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) The species is common breeder of cliff-faces. Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) The species is rare breeder of cliff-faces. Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) We found 12 breeding territories of the Eagle Owl in 2006. All nests were located in niches (fig. 12): 8 in the bottom part of cliff-faces, 2 in the upper part of cliff-faces. The average brood size was 3,5 chicks (n=10; 2-5). The distance between nests and the centers of breeding areas of Eagle Owls was 3.73 km (1.73-4.85 km). The density was a 0.11 pair per km2 cliffs territory. A total of 18-24 pairs of the Eagle Owl are estimated in the surveyed area. Little Owl (Athene noctua) Two pairs with characteristic breeding behavior were observed in areas №2 and №3. |
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