БИОГЕННОЕ ПОЧВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ ПОД МИНЕРАЛЬНЫМИ КОЧКАМИ EMPETRUM NIGRUM В ПСЕВДОФИБРОВЫХ ПОДЗОЛАХ

• Main Authors: Захарченко, Александр, Изерская, Любовь, Цыцарева, Людмила, Тучак, Василий
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" 2010
• Subjects: ПСЕВДОФИБРА; ПОДЗОЛ; КОЛЬСКИЙ СЕВЕР; Crowberry; Empetrum nigrum
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/biogennoe-pochvoobrazovanie-pod-mineralnymi-kochkami-empetrum-nigrum-v-psevdofibrovyh-podzolah; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/13996014.png

В супесчаных почвах Кольского Севера под минеральными кочками Empetrum nigrum обнаружены морфологические структуры, формирующие сложные внутрипочвенные конструкции. Под кочками растворяется псевдофибровый пэн. Из этого материала формируются стенки цилиндра, окружающие внутренние морфоструктуры минеральной кочки: грибовидное тело и бассейн. Структуры зрелой кочки обусловливают водоудерживающую и поглотительную способности, перехватывают и направляют поверхностный сток влаги. This article is devoted to the study of biogenic soil constructions which build up their own soil-morphological structures. Intra-soil constructions under mineral hillocks of Empetrum nigrum were chosen as a study object. We use standard morphological methods of vertical and horizontal cuts, the method of trenches for researching morphological structures of crowberry mineral hillocks. The morpho-structure boundaries were drawn with a pantograph or measured from soil surface and drawn on squared paper. The main building material of the morpho-structures is ferruginous cement of pseudofibric pan. Pseudofibres and structures formed on their base have unique properties: heightened density, water-absorbing capacity, reduced coefficient of filtration. Mature hummock has arched form. Formation of mineral hillock is explained by superficial water erosion. Erosion is much more intensive out of crowberry root system range. Intensive process weathering of nepheline syenite under hillocks was increased. The reason also is the growing of the root s of the plant. Complex vertical structures from cement of pseudofibric form cylindrical walls round a mineral hillock. Inside the cylinder there is sand washed from membranes and silt. There is a leg of mushroom body in the cylinder central part. The body itself is sandy loam of gray colour. It is disposed under the hillock dome. It is characterized with heightened density of roots. Biogenic soil constructions change their structures under influence of external conditions: on detritus there is continuous cover of plants, flood valleys of lake organic hillocks, on sandy soil mineral hillocks. Biogenic soil constructions are constantly reproduced by the system: soil-plant, so we can speak about their physiology. Plants usually use for building their morpho-structures the existent elements which were formed due to zonal processes of soil formation. In soil ecology we can consider as research objects the biogenic soil constructions and their "ecological niches ", specializations and properties. Surrounding soil serves as their environment. Biogenic soil structures created by plants can essentially change the strategy of space settlement. This assist species in survival in dependence on edaphic conditions.