ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ФОНОВЫХ ПОЧВ НЕФТЯНЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ СРЕДНЕЙ ТАЙГИ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ

• Main Authors: Середина, Валентина, Садыков, Марат, Блохина, Светлана
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" 2011
• Subjects: ФОНОВЫЕ ПОЧВЫ; ЗАПАДНАЯ СИБИРЬ; СРЕДНЯЯ ТАЙГА; НЕФТЯНЫЕ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ; ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА; ЛАНДШАФТ; УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ; ob river
• Online Access: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/fizicheskoe-sostoyanie-fonovyh-pochv-neftyanyh-mestorozhdeniy-sredney-taygi-zapadnoy-sibiri; http://cyberleninka.ru/article_covers/13979311.png

Представлены результаты полевых и экспериментальных исследований физических и водно-физических свойств фоновых почв нефтяных месторождений средней тайги Западной Сибири. Установлено, что основным параметром физического состояния почв, от которого зависит структурное состояние и сложение, а следовательно, и устойчивость почв к техногенному загрязнению органическими поллютантами, является гранулометрический состав. Результаты могут быть использованы при проведении почвенно-экологического мониторинга и рекультивации почв. The resistance of physical properties to natural and anthropogenic influences is their ability to save the structural state and composition, as an integral indicator of the physical condition of the soil. Consequently, the standard for sustainability in a specific geochemical environment of the landscape can take undisturbed (background) soil, having the characteristic parameters, inherent to a given genetic type of soil. Soils of podzolic type soil (gleepodzolistye actually podzolic, bog-podzolic), which are the most common in the study area of oil fields, differ by pronounced differentiation of clay fraction by the profile, which has been affirmed by several authors and is due to lithologic heterogeneity of the parent rocks. Most clearly differentiated particle size distribution of the eluvial-illuvial type is characteristic of podzolic soils, which is reflected in the structure of the illuvial horizon, the upper part of which is characterized by a rather pronounced signs of illuviation (structure, adding more dense). It should be noted that the right bank of the Ob river soil (Kondakovskoye mine) has a lighter (loamy, sand) grain size. With a high proportion of sand fractions in the grain composition with simultaneous depletion of mineral colloids, these soils do not possess agronomically valuable water-stable structure, and, therefore, are more susceptible to erosion and anthropogenic impacts. Soils formed on the left bank of The Ob river (Alenkinskoe deposit), is characterized by medium-and heavy-grading. The combination of heavy granulometric composition and high content of clay fraction should provide more stable and physical properties of soils formed here. Сreating and maintaining the necessary level of fertility, in particular, the availability of moisture, heat, and major elements of mineral nutrition of plants depend not only on particle size, but also on a complex of other physical properties, which should ensure sustainability of the soil not only with biogeocenotic positions, but also as an object of anthropogenic influences. However, the evidence of soil compaction is generally characterized by high and low content of large-free waters, which gives them poor drainage capacity. Developed oil fields are a potential threat to soil contamination, not only with oil but also with highly mineralized water and the risk of pollution by oil components depends largely on the position of these soils in the geochemically associated landscapes. Our studies show that certain parameters of the physical condition of soil play a determining role, and above all, the size distribution.