| Summary: | Memoria de tesis doctoral presentada por Marta Royo Llonch para obtener el título de Doctora en Microbiología por la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UB), realizada bajo la dirección de la Dra. Silvia Gómez Acinas del Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC) y del Dr. Carles Pedrós Alió del Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC).-- 191 pages, supplementary material [EN] In the last few decades, novel approaches have been applied to the study of marine microorganism aiming to retrieve taxa that escape isolation in culture. Culture independent methodologies, together with high-throughput sequencing and extensive oceanographic sampling, have provided insight into a previously unknown taxonomic and functional diversity of marine microbes. Marine microbes play a fundamental role in nutrient cycling and climate regulation at a planetary scale. Thus, it is of paramount importance to define their taxonomic classification, distribution patterns, habitat preferences and functional properties in the ocean. Linking taxonomy with function has been a challenge in Microbial Ecology, and in the recent years two alternatives have been developed towards this end. Single Cell Genomics allows the sequencing of individual genomes from environmental samples (Single Amplified Genomes, SAGs) and genome reconstruction from metagenomes allows building genomes from the whole community’s DNA content (Metagenomic Assembled Genomes, MAGs). In the present dissertation, I have retrieved SAGs and MAGs from underexplored areas like the North Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. The North Indian Ocean is subject to seasonal upwelling events that provide surface waters with fresh nutrients, resulting in phytoplankton blooms. Such high primary productivity in the surface waters results in heterotrophic metabolism in the subsurface, by prokaryotes that feed on the products released by primary producers. Such high heterotrophic activity consumes the available oxygen, and together with physical processes than prevent water mixing, generates an ...
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