| Summary: | Cephalopod International Advisory Council (CIAC) Conference, 10-14 November 2015, Hakodate, Japan The genus Ommastrephes d'Orbigny, 1834 in 1834–1847 is currently accepted to be formed only by a widely distributed species: O. bartramii (Lesueur, 1821). According to its known antitropical distribution, the species occur in temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Current taxonomic status proposed that O. bartramii is formed by three different populations/subspecies distributed in the North Atlantic, Southern Hemisphere and in the North Pacific, respectively. Here, all the available published cytochrome oxidase I information for ommastrephid squids plus new sequences are integrated, reanalyzed and the reliability for the use of DNA barcoding in the whole family is evaluated. Among ommastrephids, intraspecific p-distances range from 0-2 % and the interspecific from 3.2-23.4 % suggesting the presence of a barcoding gap. The available information for Ommastrephes from both the North and South Pacific waters was compared with recently obtained Atlantic specimens, suggesting the existence of more than one species within this oceanic genus Peer Reviewed
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