| Summary: | The success of the reproductive process in trees depends on abiotic and biotic factors that determine the final outcome of natural regeneration. Silviculture alters biotic and abiotic factors and results in secondary forest structures. To effectively manage these forests, it is necessary to understand the bottlenecks in reproductive stages using a whole-cycle approach study. The aim of this study was to analyse flowering and seeding patterns in primary, secondary and silvopastoral managed Nothofagus antarctica forests, including investigating the pre-dispersion foraging of insects and birds, as well as abscised biomass production. A high percentage of female flowers produced fruits (95–96%) in which the main loss factor before seeding was the abscission of immature fruits (11–14%). Seeding was greater in secondary forests (11.4 million ha−1), but managed stands presented a higher percentage of flowers resulting in seeds (82%). However, secondary forests had a better seed quality (17% viable seeds), where the main loss factor was empty seeds in all treatments (39–50%). Biotic factors (foraging by insects and birds) were higher in disturbed than primary forests. Nothofagus antarctica produce large quantities of seeds, but abscised immature fruits and empty seeds due to self-incompatibility mechanisms appeared as the major loss factors. Fil: Soler Esteban, Rosina Matilde. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Martínez Pastur, Guillermo José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Lencinas, María Vanessa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina
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