t about noon on June 6, 1912, an eruption broke out on the Alaska Peninsula that within two days became Earth s largest since Indonesia s Tambora in 1815. During the first day the flow rate exceeded 108 kg/s corresponding to a thermal output of 108 MW. By the end of the eruption two and a half days...
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| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.663.7332 http://alaskageology.org/documents/12/October+2012+AGS+Newsletter.pdf |
| Summary: | t about noon on June 6, 1912, an eruption broke out on the Alaska Peninsula that within two days became Earth s largest since Indonesia s Tambora in 1815. During the first day the flow rate exceeded 108 kg/s corresponding to a thermal output of 108 MW. By the end of the eruption two and a half days later, about 30 km3 of pumice and ash had erupted, blanketing Kodiak with a 30-cm-thick ash layer and filling a glacial valley that became known as The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes to a depth of 200 300 m. Besides its enormity, the eruption was remarkable for the wide range in composition of magma, the formation of an ignimbrite sheet, and the catastrophic collapse of a large volcano, Katmai, 10 km from the eruptive vent. The research and scientific debates that followed have shaped modern concepts of chemical evolution of magmas, caldera formation, and deposition from pyroclastic flows. A |
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