Sea ice and icing risk for offshore wind turbines
There are two important issues related to wind turbines performances in offshore sites that locate in cold cli-mates: sea ice (flows, driving ice, land-fast ice) and the presence of atmospheric icing (due to water in the air as in-cloud operation, rainfall and sea sprays) which may potentially lead...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Text |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.576.800 http://192.107.92.31/test/owemes/60.pdf |
| Summary: | There are two important issues related to wind turbines performances in offshore sites that locate in cold cli-mates: sea ice (flows, driving ice, land-fast ice) and the presence of atmospheric icing (due to water in the air as in-cloud operation, rainfall and sea sprays) which may potentially lead to ice formation on turbines ’ struc-tures. Icing of rotor blades and some other wind turbine components have effect on the design of turbines, the safety of O&M personnel and the overall economics of a wind energy project. In offshore conditions ice pack or floating blocks on the sea surface cause additional static and dynamic forces on the turbine structure. The effects of sea ice occur as a mechanical shocks and increased vibrations that may result to additional operational loads. The presence of sea spray, associated with atmospheric icing, determines complex icing phenomena that are highly dependent on the elevation of the turbine rotor over the sea level and on the size and type of wind tur-bine. Therefore a risk analysis needs to be performed to assess the life reduction and the hazard of ice shed-ding which is relevant to neighbour turbines and O&M personnel. Ice mitigation systems should comprise cold weather packages, anti-icing/de-icing devices and systems reduc-ing the actions of sea ice. The design of such systems should be integrated in the design of the turbine to as- |
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