Ecological, morphological, and genetic differentiation of Daphnia (Hyalodaphnia) from the Finnish and Russian

We studied genetic differentiation of two subarctic Daphnia species (subgenus Hyalodaphnia; Cladocera: An-omopoda) in relation to ecological and morphological diversification. Daphnia longispina and the recently discov-ered species Daphnia umbra are genetically differentiated based on mitochondrial...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Klaus Schwenk, Paavo Junttila, Milla Rautio, Finn Bastiansen, Outi Dove, Raquel Billiones, Bruno Streit
Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 2004
Subjects:
Arctic
Northern Finland
Pechora
Pechora Delta
Subarctic
Online Access:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.575.9610
http://www.cen.ulaval.ca/warwickvincent/PDFfiles/millaSchwenk et al 2004.pdf
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Summary:We studied genetic differentiation of two subarctic Daphnia species (subgenus Hyalodaphnia; Cladocera: An-omopoda) in relation to ecological and morphological diversification. Daphnia longispina and the recently discov-ered species Daphnia umbra are genetically differentiated based on mitochondrial 12S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Genetic differentiation of 12S rDNA among the two sister taxa is in the range of differentiation among other Hyalodaphnia species (uncorrected genetic distance 5 0.11). Despite frequent interspecific hybridiza-tion among Daphnia (Hyalodaphnia) species, we found no interspecific hybrids of D. umbra and D. longispina. D. umbra is for the first time recorded to occur in Northern Finland and Russia (Pechora Delta), and to cooccur in neighboring sympatry with Daphnia longispina across a subarctic region in northern Finland. Species are ecolog-ically differentiated: D. umbra occurred at higher elevations, in larger and deeper water bodies than D. longispina. Species did not differ significantly in levels of ultraviolet-protective melanin pigmentation but varied with regard to environmental preferences, such as fish predation and levels of total dissolved organic carbon (DOC). These findings argue that ecological differentiation and divergent selection might have caused speciation or at least are responsible for the maintenance of reproductive isolation among subarctic Daphnia (Hyalodaphnia) species. Arctic and subarctic flora and fauna have been greatly

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