Combined airborne profiling over Fram Strait sea ice: fractional sea-ice types, albedo and thickness measurements
This paper describes the data collected during an expedition from the marginal ice zone into the multi year sea ice in the Fram Strait in May-June 2005 to measure the variance in sea-ice types, albedo and thickness, and the techniques used to an-alyze the data. A combination of methods was used to e...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Text |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2009
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.550.5455 http://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/1909/paper_3.pdf;jsessionid=4F8B65BA98F8E89F31C879B839A492AE?sequence=3 |
| Summary: | This paper describes the data collected during an expedition from the marginal ice zone into the multi year sea ice in the Fram Strait in May-June 2005 to measure the variance in sea-ice types, albedo and thickness, and the techniques used to an-alyze the data. A combination of methods was used to extract more information from each data set compared to what originally and traditionally are obtained. The principal information from the three methods applied give the sea-ice types from digital photography, the spectral and broadband reflectance factor from a spec-trometer and the thickness profile from a electromagnetic-”bird”, with emphasize on using, adapting and combining the different techniques. The digital images was standardized, textural features extracted and a trained neural network was used for classification, while the optical measurements were normalized and standardized to minimize effects from the set up and atmospheric conditions. The fractional sea-ice types proved to have large spatial variability, with average fractions for snow covered sea-ice of 81.0%, thick bare ice 4.0%, thin ice 5.3 % and open water 9.6%, ergo an |
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