Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume
This paper is based on the premise that research into the environmental impact of continental flood basalt (CFB) volcanism has paid insufficient attention to the potential ecosystem damage that would result from the direct deposition of hundreds of megatons (Tg) of sulphur and other volatiles. The e...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2005
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.532.4070 http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 |
id |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.532.4070 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftciteseerx:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.532.4070 2023-05-15T15:16:51+02:00 Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume John Grattan The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives 2005 application/pdf http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.532.4070 http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 en eng http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.532.4070 http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 Pollution Paradigm Continental flood basalt text 2005 ftciteseerx 2016-01-08T10:40:15Z This paper is based on the premise that research into the environmental impact of continental flood basalt (CFB) volcanism has paid insufficient attention to the potential ecosystem damage that would result from the direct deposition of hundreds of megatons (Tg) of sulphur and other volatiles. The environmental impacts of the 1783 Laki Fissure eruption are reviewed in outline. It is shown that in a relatively brief period of volcanic activity, volatiles emitted by the eruption damaged and destroyed vegetation from the Arctic Ocean to the Mediterranean. Air pollution was so intense that human health was affected and the national death rate increased dramatically in both England and France. It is proposed that the events of 1783 may be used as a paradigm for the environmental impacts of a CFB lava flow, and the emissions of 1783 are scaled up to illustrate this point. Thus, if a Laki style event were to erupt for a year it would approach the physical scale of a single episode of the Roza flow in the Columbia River CFB and potentially yield 576 Tg of sulphur gases which could have been oxidised into approximately 945 Tg of aerosol. This could generate a tropospheric aerosol mass of approximately 708 Tg H2SO4. The ecosystem impact of the deposition of acids on this scale would be profound and, as with the actual Laki event, be continental in scale. All parts of the plant life cycle would be disrupted, including photosynthesis and fruiting. Inevitably, withthe disruption of food webs animals would also be affected. Poorly buffered inland waters would be acidified, as would Boreal soils, reducing their biodiversity. In our already polluted and interdependent world, any future event on this scale would have serious consequences for human health and trade. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Human health Unknown Arctic Arctic Ocean Laki ENVELOPE(-18.237,-18.237,64.070,64.070) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Unknown |
op_collection_id |
ftciteseerx |
language |
English |
topic |
Pollution Paradigm Continental flood basalt |
spellingShingle |
Pollution Paradigm Continental flood basalt John Grattan Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
topic_facet |
Pollution Paradigm Continental flood basalt |
description |
This paper is based on the premise that research into the environmental impact of continental flood basalt (CFB) volcanism has paid insufficient attention to the potential ecosystem damage that would result from the direct deposition of hundreds of megatons (Tg) of sulphur and other volatiles. The environmental impacts of the 1783 Laki Fissure eruption are reviewed in outline. It is shown that in a relatively brief period of volcanic activity, volatiles emitted by the eruption damaged and destroyed vegetation from the Arctic Ocean to the Mediterranean. Air pollution was so intense that human health was affected and the national death rate increased dramatically in both England and France. It is proposed that the events of 1783 may be used as a paradigm for the environmental impacts of a CFB lava flow, and the emissions of 1783 are scaled up to illustrate this point. Thus, if a Laki style event were to erupt for a year it would approach the physical scale of a single episode of the Roza flow in the Columbia River CFB and potentially yield 576 Tg of sulphur gases which could have been oxidised into approximately 945 Tg of aerosol. This could generate a tropospheric aerosol mass of approximately 708 Tg H2SO4. The ecosystem impact of the deposition of acids on this scale would be profound and, as with the actual Laki event, be continental in scale. All parts of the plant life cycle would be disrupted, including photosynthesis and fruiting. Inevitably, withthe disruption of food webs animals would also be affected. Poorly buffered inland waters would be acidified, as would Boreal soils, reducing their biodiversity. In our already polluted and interdependent world, any future event on this scale would have serious consequences for human health and trade. |
author2 |
The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives |
format |
Text |
author |
John Grattan |
author_facet |
John Grattan |
author_sort |
John Grattan |
title |
Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
title_short |
Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
title_full |
Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
title_fullStr |
Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pollution and paradigms: lessons from Icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. Lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
title_sort |
pollution and paradigms: lessons from icelandic volcanism for continental flood basalt studies. lithos 79, 343– 353 (this volume |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.532.4070 http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-18.237,-18.237,64.070,64.070) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Laki |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Laki |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Human health |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Human health |
op_source |
http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 |
op_relation |
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.532.4070 http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/handle/2160/234/Pollution and paradigms1.pdf;jsessionid=A0AEABF2B1377718FC9DEC507E9B58CF?sequence=1 |
op_rights |
Metadata may be used without restrictions as long as the oai identifier remains attached to it. |
_version_ |
1766347150494531584 |