The Population of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in the Anadyr River Basin, Chukotka AO, Russia
The Anadyr basin of Chukotka is the largest producer of chum salmon in the Russian Northeast Pacific coast (Korotaev et al. 2002). On average, the proportion of chum salmon catches in the Anadyr basin is 75.3 % of the catches of all other Pacific salmon in Chukotka. This represents up to 12 % of the...
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| Language: | English |
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| Online Access: | http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.433.4559 http://www.npafc.org/new/publications/Technical Report/TR9/Baranov.pdf |
| Summary: | The Anadyr basin of Chukotka is the largest producer of chum salmon in the Russian Northeast Pacific coast (Korotaev et al. 2002). On average, the proportion of chum salmon catches in the Anadyr basin is 75.3 % of the catches of all other Pacific salmon in Chukotka. This represents up to 12 % of the biomass for the total annual catch of chum salmon in the Russian Far East (Fig. 1). In addition, the chum salmon fishery plays an important role in the traditional life of the native population in Chukotka. Fig. 1. Proportion of Anadyr basin chum salmon catches by biomass of the total annual catch of chum salmon in the Russian Far East (right y-axis) and the catch (thousand tones) of chum salmon in the Russian Far East (left y-axis), 1971-2012. The annual monitoring of the Anadyr chum salmon stock includes recording of commercial and non-commercial catches and biological data sampling from adult migrants. The harvest of Anadyr chum salmon began about 100 years ago and has been ongoing since 1910 (Fig. 2). The data collected from monitoring programs are essential for accurate estimations of population size and quota limits for chum salmon. In the recent period, the low numbers of adult migrants was observed in 1968 (0.7 million), 1991 (0.7 million), and 2002 (0.8 million; Fig. 3). The maximum number chum salmon migrants to the Anadyr basin was observed in 1983 (7.3 million), and the annual average is 2.8 million fish (Chereshnev 2008). The main chum salmon spawning grounds are concentrated in the middle and upper rivers of the Anadyr basin, principally the Anadyr, Velikaya, and Kanchalan rivers (Putivkin 1994). The quantity of chum salmon on spawning grounds fluctuates over a wide range from 0.234 to 2.81 million fish with an annual average (optimum) of 1.5-2.0 million fish. The number of smolts varies from 34 million in 1992 up to 495 million in 1990, and the average annual catch if 265 million fish |
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