Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Nitric Acid Trihydrate (NAT) formation at low NAT supersaturation in Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs)

the Arctic stratosphere by in-situ measurements onboard the high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica. Low number densities (∼10−4 cm−3) of small nitric acid (HNO3) containing particles (d<6 µm) were observed at altitudes between 18 and 20 km. Provided the temperatures remain below the NAT equil...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: C. Voigt, H. Schlager, B. P. Luo, A. Dörnbrack, A. Roiger, P. Stock, J. Curtius, H. Vössing, S. Borrmann, S. Davies, P. Konopka, C. Schiller, G. Shur, T. Peter
Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 2005
Subjects:
Arctic
Online Access:http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.404.8157
http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/29/56/66/PDF/acp-5-1371-2005.pdf
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Summary:the Arctic stratosphere by in-situ measurements onboard the high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica. Low number densities (∼10−4 cm−3) of small nitric acid (HNO3) containing particles (d<6 µm) were observed at altitudes between 18 and 20 km. Provided the temperatures remain below the NAT equilibrium temperature TNAT, these NAT particles have the potential to grow further and to remove HNO3 from the stratosphere, thereby enhancing polar ozone loss. Interestingly, the NAT particles formed in less than a day at temperatures just slightly below TNAT (T>TNAT−3.1 K). This unique measurement of PSC formation at extremely low NAT saturation ratios (SNAT�10) constrains current NAT nucleation theories. We suggest, that the NAT particles have formed heterogeneously, but for certain not on ice. Conversely, meteoritic particles may be favorable candidates for triggering NAT nucleation at the observed low number densities. 1

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