• Main Authors: Alaska Fairbanks, B.M.B K L D, M V P ), M.D Quintin J Quinones, Ph.D Zhiquan Zhang, Ph.D Qing Ma, M.D Michael P Smith, M.S Erik Soderblom, Ph.D M Arthur Moseley, Ph.D James Bain, Ph.D Christopher B Newgard, Ph.D Michael J Muehlbauer, Ph.D Matthew Hirschey, Ph.D Kelly L Drew, Ph.D Brian M Barnes, Ph.D Mihai V Podgoreanu
• Other Authors: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Subjects: Arctic
• Online Access: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1052.6103; http://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/data/Journals/JASA/935308/20160600.0-00023.pdf

I SCHEMIA-rEpErfuSIon (I/r) injury, a consequential component of cardiac surgery and organ transplantation, is a major determinant of morbidity and mortality. Cardioprotection after I/r remains an elusive target despite significant research and numerous compounds with promising preclinical data. 1 Mammalian hibernation is a seasonal phenomenon characterized by prolonged bouts (days to weeks) of winter torpor, a state of decreased physiologic activity, reduced body temperature, and decreased metabolic rate, interspersed with brief (hours to a day) periods of arousal when metabolism and temperature temporarily return to normal. 2 The entry into and exit from torpor is akin to I/r, in that blood flow is greatly reduced and then restored. During arousal from torpor, hibernators rewarm using a combination of shivering and nonshivering thermogenesis associated with peaks in oxygen consumption, while accelerating their heart rate 100-fold with corresponding increases in organ perfusion. 3 Hibernating mammals like arctic ground squirrels (AGS) show What We Already Know about This Topic • Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury remains a major source of perioperative morbidity and mortality • The study of hibernation, an adaptive response to extreme environments, has potential to address novel mechanisms and potential therapies for perioperative myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury What This Article Tells Us That Is New • Applying gene ontology analysis to hibernating arctic ground squirrels, the authors have found that the natural cardiac protective adaptations of hibernators involve metabolic shifts in fatty acid metabolism proteins, reductions in toxic lipid metabolites, and up-regulation of sirtuins ABSTRACT Background: Hibernation is an adaptation to extreme environments known to provide organ protection against ischemiareperfusion (I/r) injury. An unbiased systems approach was utilized to investigate hibernation-induced changes that are characteristic of the hibernator cardioprotective phenotype, by comparing the ...