Gaseous, PM2.5 mass, and speciated emission factors from laboratory chamber peat combustion

Peat fuels representing four biomes of boreal (western Russia and Siberia), temperate (northern Alaska, USA), subtropical (northern and southern Florida, USA), and tropical (Borneo, Malaysia) regions were burned in a laboratory chamber to determine gas and particle emission factors (EFs). Tests with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Main Authors: Watson, John G., Cao, Junji, Chen, L. -W. Antony, Wang, Qiyuan, Tian, Jie, Wang, Xiaoliang, Gronstal, Steven, Ho, Steven Sai Hang, Watts, Adam C., Chow, Judith C.
Format: Report
Language:English
Published: COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH 2019
Subjects:
BIOMASS-BURNING EMISSIONS
ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION
NORTHERN JAPAN IMPLICATION
SMOLDERING COMBUSTION
NITROGEN DEPOSITION
PARTICLE EMISSIONS
TRACE GASES
WALL-LOSS
PARTICULATE MATTER
DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Environmental Sciences
Alaska
Siberia
Online Access:http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/12999
http://ir.ieecas.cn/handle/361006/13000
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14173-2019
Description
Summary:Peat fuels representing four biomes of boreal (western Russia and Siberia), temperate (northern Alaska, USA), subtropical (northern and southern Florida, USA), and tropical (Borneo, Malaysia) regions were burned in a laboratory chamber to determine gas and particle emission factors (EFs). Tests with 25 % fuel moisture were conducted with predominant smoldering combustion conditions (average modified combustion efficiency (MCE) =0.82+/-0.08). Average fuel-based EFCO2 (carbon dioxide) are highest (1400 +/- 38 g kg(-1)) and lowest (1073 +/- 63 g kg(-1)) for the Alaskan and Russian peats, respectively. EFCO (carbon monoxide) and EFCH4 (methane) are similar to 12 % and similar to 0.3 %0.9 % of EFCO2, in the range of 157171 and 310 g kg(-1), respectively. EFs for nitrogen species are at the same magnitude as EFCH4, with an average of 5.6 +/- 4.8 and 4.7 +/- 3.1 g kg(-1) for EFNH3 (ammonia) and EFHCN (hydrogen cyanide); 1.9+/-1.1 g kg(-1) for EFNOx (nitrogen oxides); and 2.4+/-1.4 and 2.0 +/- 0.7 g kg(-1) for EFNOy (total reactive nitrogen) and EFN2O (nitrous oxide). An oxidation flow reactor (OFR) was used to simulate atmospheric aging times of similar to 2 and similar to 7 d to compare fresh (upstream) and aged (downstream) emissions. Filter-based EFPM2.5 varied by > 4-fold (1461 g kg(-1)) without appreciable changes between fresh and aged emissions. The majority of EFPM2.5 consists of EFOC (organic carbon), with EFOC / EFPM2.5 ratios in the range of 52 % for fresh emissions and similar to 14 % degradation after aging. Reductions of EFOC (similar to 79 g kg(-1)) after aging are most apparent for boreal peats, with the largest degradation in low-temperature OC1 that evolves at < 140 degrees C, indicating the loss of high-vapor-pressure semivolatile organic compounds upon aging. The highest EFLevoglucosan is found for Russian peat (similar to 16 g kg(-1)), with similar to 35 % degradation after aging. EFs for water-soluble OC (EFWSOC) account for similar to 20 % of fresh EFOC. The majority (> 95 %) of the ...

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