Optimal dietary protein level improved growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

This study investigated the effects of dietary proteins on the growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier functions of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 young grass carp (264.11 +/- 0.76 g) were fed six diets containing graded levels of protein (143.1...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fish & Shellfish Immunology
Main Authors: Xu, Jing, Wu, Pei, Jiang, Wei-Dan, Liu, Yang, Jiang, Jun, Kuang, Sheng-Yao, Tang, Ling, Tang, Wu-Neng, Zhang, Yong-An, Zhou, Xiao-Qiu, Feng, Lin
Format: Report
Language:English
Published: ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 2016
Subjects:
Protein
Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Disease resistance
Intestinal immune
Tight junction
Apoptosis
Antioxidant
Fisheries
Immunology
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Veterinary Sciences
NF-KAPPA-B
AMINO-ACID-METABOLISM
BREAM SPARUS-AURATA
SALMON SALMO-SALAR
GENE-EXPRESSION
OXIDATIVE STRESS
JUVENILE JIAN
VAR. JIAN
AEROMONAS-HYDROPHILA
ANTIOXIDANT STATUS
Salmo salar
Online Access:http://ir.ihb.ac.cn/handle/342005/34648
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2016.05.021
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Summary:This study investigated the effects of dietary proteins on the growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier functions of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 young grass carp (264.11 +/- 0.76 g) were fed six diets containing graded levels of protein (143.1, 176.7, 217.2, 257.5, 292.2 and 322.8 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet) for 8 weeks. After the growth trial, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded for 14 days. The results indicated that optimal dietary protein levels: increased the production of antibacterial components, up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of kappa B alpha, target of rapamycin and ribosomal protein S6 kinases 1 mRNA levels, whereas down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) P65, NF-kappa B P52, c-Rel, I kappa B kinase I kappa B kinase gamma and eIF4E-binding proteins 2 mRNA levels in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0:05), suggesting that optimal dietary protein level could enhance fish intestinal immune barrier function; up-regulated the mRNA levels of tight junction complexes, B-cell lymphoma protein-2, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, myeloid cell leukemia-1 and NF-E2-related factor 2, and increased the activities and mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, whereas down-regulated myosin light chain kinase, cysteinyl aspartic acid-protease 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, fatty acid synthetase ligand, apoptotic protease activating factor-1, Bcl-2 associated X protein, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1b mRNA levels, and decreased reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in three intestinal segments of young grass carp (P < 0.05), indicating that optimal dietary protein level could improve fish intestinal physical barrier function. Finally, the optimal dietary protein levels for the growth performance (PWG) and against enteritis morbidity of young grass carp were estimated to be 286.82 g kg(-1) diet (250.66 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet) and 292.10 g kg(-1) diet (255.47 g digestible protein kg(-1) diet), respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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