Phylotranscriptomics reveals the complex evolutionary and biogeographic history of the genus Tsuga with an East Asian-North American disjunct distribution

The disjunct distribution between East Asia and North America is one of the best established biogeographic patterns. A robust phylogeny is fundamental for understanding the biogeographic histories of taxa with this distribution pattern. Tsuga (hemlock) is a genus of Pinaceae with a typical intercont...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Main Authors: Feng, Yuan-Yuan, Shen, Ting-Ting, Shao, Cheng-Cheng, Du, Hong, Ran, Jin-Hua, Wang, Xiao-Quan
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2021
Subjects:
Tsuga
Phylotranscriptomics
Biogeography
Disjunct distribution
Bering Land Bridge
Hybrid origin
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evolutionary Biology
Genetics & Heredity
RNA-SEQ DATA
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
RETICULATE EVOLUTION
PLANT MITOCHONDRIAL
DIVERGENCE TIMES
PINUS-DENSATA
LAND-BRIDGE
INTROGRESSION
Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
Online Access:http://ir.ibcas.ac.cn/handle/2S10CLM1/26660
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.107066
Description
Summary:The disjunct distribution between East Asia and North America is one of the best established biogeographic patterns. A robust phylogeny is fundamental for understanding the biogeographic histories of taxa with this distribution pattern. Tsuga (hemlock) is a genus of Pinaceae with a typical intercontinental disjunct distribution in East Asia and eastern and western North America, and its phylogeny has not been completely reconstructed in previous studies. In this study, we reconstructed a highly resolved phylogeny of Tsuga using 881 nuclear genes, 60 chloroplast genes and 23 mitochondrial genes and explored its biogeographic and reticulate evolutionary history. The results of phylogenetic analysis, molecular dating and ancestral area reconstruction indicate that Tsuga very likely originated from North America in the late Oligocene and dispersed from America to East Asia via the Bering Land Bridge during the middle Miocene. In particular, we found complex reticulate evolutionary pattern among the East Asian hemlock species. T. sieboldii possibly originated from hybridization with the ancestor of T. chinensis from mainland China and T. forrestii as the paternal donor and the ancestor of T. diversifolia and T. ulleungensis as the maternal donor. T. chinensis (Taiwan) could have originated by hybridization together with T. sieboldii and then evolved independently after dispersal to the Taiwan Island, subsequently experiencing mitochondrial DNA introgression with T. chinensis from mainland China. Moreover, our study found that T. chinensis from western China is more closely related to T. forrestii than to T. chinensis from eastern China. The nonmonophyletic T. chinensis needs taxonomic reconsideration.

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