Shallow-ice microstructure at Dome Concordia, Antarctica

The shallow ice microstructure at Dome Concordia, Antarctica, has been studied between 100 m and 580 m. An original digital image processing technique has been especially developed in order to extract ice microstructure (grain boundaries) from thin sections prepared during the two first scientific E...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Arnaud, L., Weiss, J., Gay, M., Duval, P.
Other Authors: CNRS SAINT MARTIN D'HERES, CEMAGREF GRENOBLE ETGR, -
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2000
Subjects:
Online Access:https://irsteadoc.irstea.fr/cemoa/PUB00009452
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Summary:The shallow ice microstructure at Dome Concordia, Antarctica, has been studied between 100 m and 580 m. An original digital image processing technique has been especially developed in order to extract ice microstructure (grain boundaries) from thin sections prepared during the two first scientific EPICA field seasons (1997/98 and 1998/99). Using this, not only the mean crystal size, but also crystal size distributions and shape anisotropy were determined. The mean crystal size profile as well as crystal size distributions reveal normal grain growth up to 430 m. Between 430 m and 500 m, a marked decrease of crystal size is observed and compared with similar trend obtained in the "old" Dome C ice core formerly associated with the Holocene/Last Glacial transition (Duval and Lorius (1980)). This seems to indicate a slightly lower accumulation rate (by less than 10 %) at Dome Concordia. The shapes of the crystal size distributions, though very similar, do evolve with depth and seem to be sensitive to climatic changes. An increasing flattening of crystal shape is observed with depth. This allowed to estimate the vertical strain rate of the shallow part of the ice sheet. / Les microstructures de lames minces de Dôme Concordia, en Antarctique ont été étudiées entre 100m et 580m. Un système original de traitement d'images a été spécialement développé pour extraire la microstructure des cristaux de glace (frontières des grains) de lames minces préparées pendant les deux saisons scientifiques de terrain d'EPICA (1997/98 et 1998/99). Grace au traitement d'images nous avons pu déterminer non seulement les profils de la taille moyenne des cristaux, mais aussi les distributions de taille et l'anisotropie des cristaux. La taille moyenne des cristaux et les distributions de taille révèlent un grossissement normal des grains jusqu'à une profondeur de 430 m. Entre 430 m et 500 m, une décroissance marquée de la taille des cristaux est observée et comparée avec une tendance similaire obtenue sur l'ancien forage à Dôme C, fortement associé à la transition Holocène/Dernière glaciation (Duval et Lorius 1980). Ceci semble indiquer une légère diminution de la vitesse d'accumulation (