Study of the mixed-layer dynamics and the interactions surface/ocean in the Southern Ocean under the sea-ice

The Southern Ocean is a key region for the understanding of the global ocean circulation and for the climate as a whole. In this region, a large majority of the ocean’s water masses are ventilated in the surface layer, before being sent back to the deep ocean. The surface layer of the Southern Ocean...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Pellichero, Violaine
Other Authors: Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Sorbonne Université, Jean-Baptiste Sallée
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:https://theses.hal.science/tel-01910121
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01910121v2/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01910121v2/file/2018SORUS029.pdf
Description
Summary:The Southern Ocean is a key region for the understanding of the global ocean circulation and for the climate as a whole. In this region, a large majority of the ocean’s water masses are ventilated in the surface layer, before being sent back to the deep ocean. The surface layer of the Southern Ocean is therefore a central element for understanding the global ocean circulation. Despite their fundamental role in the global ocean circulation and climate, the structure and characteristics of the mixed-layer are still poorly understood in the Antarctic Polar Region due to a significant lack of in-situ observations.However, the international MEOP program (2004) has led to the deployment of thousands of hydrological sensors on Elephant Seals and offers a unique spatial coverage of new data that cover the entire seasonal cycle. In this thesis, we exploit this dataset and other more conventional data, to bring a new perspective on this unknown region. Based on these observations, we describe the climatological properties and dynamics of the mixed-layer under Antarctic sea-ice. The vertical transfers between the mixed-layer and the deep ocean, associated with the meridional overturning circulation, and the hydrographic variations of the water masses in the mixed-layer, are described at seasonal and inter-annual time scales. The results highlight the critical role of freshwater fluxes, induced by sea-ice and precipitations, on the transformation of water masses under the sea-ice. Our findings suggest that changes in the intensity of these freshwater fluxes would directly affect the buoyancy budgets of the mixed-layer and impact the large-scale overturning circulation. L'océan Austral est une région clé pour la compréhension de la circulation océanique globale et du climat. C'est dans cette région qu'une large majorité des eaux de la planète est ventilée dans la couche de surface avant d'être réexpédiée dans l'océan profond. Ainsi la couche de surface de l'océan Austral est un élément central pour la compréhension de la ...