Pelagic food web structure in high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) and naturally iron fertilized waters in the Kerguelen Islands region, Southern Ocean

• Published in: Journal of Marine Systems
• Main Authors: Hunt, Brian P.V., Espinasse, Boris, Pakhomov, Evgeny, Cherel, Yves, Cotté, Cédric, Delegrange, Alice, Henschke, Natasha
• Other Authors: Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia (UBC), The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway (UiT), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Lille - Hauts-de-France (INSPE LHdF), Université de Lille, ANR-17-CE01-0013,MOBYDICK,Biodiversité des Ecosystèmes Marins et Dynamique du Carbone dans le secteur de Kerguelen : approche intégrée(2017)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2021
• Subjects: Zooplankton; Micronekton; Food web; Size structure; Stable isotopes; Southern Ocean; Kerguelen plateau; [SDE]Environmental Sciences; Antarc*; Antarctic; Kerguelen Islands; Mesozooplankton
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03332150; https://hal.science/hal-03332150/document; https://hal.science/hal-03332150/file/87869.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2021.103625

International audience The Kerguelen Plateau is a region of natural iron fertilization in the Southern Ocean, within the typically iron limited High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) waters of the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Between 26 February and 19 March 2018, the MOBYDICK expedition investigated pelagic ecosystem dynamics in the Kerguelen Island region on the northern plateau during the post-phytoplankton bloom period. The survey specifically targeted sampling at two stations in the HNLC waters to the west of the Kerguelen Plateau, and in the iron enriched waters on and to the east of the plateau. A combination of WP2, WP3 and Mesopelagos midwater trawl were used to sample the mesozooplankton (125 μm to ≤ 10 mm), macrozooplankton (10–30 mm) and micronekton (> 30 to 200 mm) communities. Stable carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) isotopes were measured across representative samples of taxa from all stations. Trophic positions was estimated using a Bayesian isotope mixing model (tRophicPosition), that uses both the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of baselines and consumers. Meso/macrozooplankton trophic positions (TPs) were ~ 2.4 on the plateau and > 0.6 TPs higher at the upstream HNLC stations. This provides empirical evidence for shorter food chains on the diatom dominated plateau and longer food chains in the HNLC region dominated by pico and nanophytopklankon. Meso/macrozooplankton TPs were also elevated downstream of the plateau, though to a lesser extent than in the upstream region, likely reflecting the effect of downstream iron transport, supporting elevated phytoplankton production in the downstream region. There was a consistent increase in trophic position between meso/macrozooplankton and micronekton of ~ 0.6 at all stations. Food chain length was therefore determined by the composition of and interactions between the trophic levels below micronekton. Similar trophic structure at the two upstream HNLC stations, on either side of the northern branch of the Polar Front, indicated ...