Offshore killer whale tracking using multiple hydrophone arrays

To study delphinid near surface movements and behavior, two L-shaped hydrophone arrays and one vertical hydrophone line array were deployed at shallow depths (<125 m) from the floating instrument platform R/P FLIP, moored northwest of San Clemente Island in the Southern California Bight. A three-...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gassmann, Martin, Henderson, E Elizabeth, Wiggins, Sean M, Roch, Marie A, Hildebrand, John A
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: eScholarship, University of California 2013
Subjects:
Acoustics
Animals
Echolocation
Environmental Monitoring
Equipment Design
Oceanography
Oceans and Seas
Population Density
Signal Processing
Computer-Assisted
Sound Spectrography
Species Specificity
Swimming
Time Factors
Transducers
Vocalization
Animal
Whale
Killer
Killer Whale
Orca
Orcinus orca
Killer whale
Online Access:https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9006c9h0
Description
Summary:To study delphinid near surface movements and behavior, two L-shaped hydrophone arrays and one vertical hydrophone line array were deployed at shallow depths (<125 m) from the floating instrument platform R/P FLIP, moored northwest of San Clemente Island in the Southern California Bight. A three-dimensional propagation-model based passive acoustic tracking method was developed and used to track a group of five offshore killer whales (Orcinus orca) using their emitted clicks. In addition, killer whale pulsed calls and high-frequency modulated (HFM) signals were localized using other standard techniques. Based on these tracks sound source levels for the killer whales were estimated. The peak to peak source levels for echolocation clicks vary between 170-205 dB re 1 μPa @ 1 m, for HFM calls between 185-193 dB re 1 μPa @ 1 m, and for pulsed calls between 146-158 dB re 1 μPa @ 1 m.

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