Characterization of mass variations in Antarctica in response to climatic fluctuations from space-based gravimetry and radar altimetry data

• Main Author: Kaitheri, Athul
• Other Authors: Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD France-Sud ), Université Côte d'Azur, Anthony Mémin, Frédérique Rémy
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2021
• Subjects: Antarctic Ice Sheet; GRACE; Envisat; RACMO2.3p2; Firn compaction model; ENSO; ACW; Calotte polaire de l’Antarctique; Modèle de compaction; Oscillation australe et onde circumpolaire; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology; [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarctic Peninsula; East Antarctica; West Antarctica; Pacific; Antarc*; Antarctica; Antarctique*; Ice Sheet
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-03644306; https://theses.hal.science/tel-03644306/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-03644306/file/2021COAZ4100.pdf

Quantifying the mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), and the resulting sea level rise, requires an understanding of inter-annual variability and associated causal mechanisms. This has become more complex and challenging in the backdrop of global climate change. Very few studies have been exploring the influence of climate anomalies on the AIS and only a vague estimate of its impact is available. Usually changes to the ice sheet are quantified using observations from space-borne altimetry and gravimetry missions. In this study, we use data from Envisat (2002 to 2010) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) (2002 to 2016) missions to estimate monthly elevation changes and mass changes, respectively. Similar estimates of the changes are made using weather variables (surface mass balance (SMB) and temperature) from a regional climate model (RACMO2.3p2) as inputs to a firn compaction (FC) model. Using the firn compaction model we were able to model the transformation of snow into glacial ice and hence estimate changes in the elevation of the ice sheet using climate parameters.Elevation changes estimated from different techniques are in good agreement with each other across the AIS especially in West Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula, and along the coasts of East Antarctica. Inter-annual height change patterns are then extracted using for the first time an empirical mode decomposition followed by a reconstruction of modes. These signal on applying least square method revealed a sub-4-year periodic signal in the all the three distinct height change patterns. This was indicative of the influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a climate anomaly that alters, among other parameters, moisture transport, sea surface temperature, precipitation, in and around the AIS at similar frequency by alternating between warm and cold conditions. But there existed altering periodic behavior among inter annual height change patterns in the Antarctic Pacific (AP) sector which was found possibly by the ...