Life-history decisions of larids in spatio-temporally varying habitats : where and when to breed

• Main Author: Acker, Paul
• Other Authors: Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, Emmanuelle Cam, Aurélien Besnard
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2017
• Subjects: Habitat selection; Dispersal; Life history; Long term study; Bayesian model; Sélection de l'habitat; Dispersion; Histoire de vie; Etude à long terme; Modèle bayésien; [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology; environment; Black-legged Kittiwake; Mouette tridactyle; rissa tridactyla
• Online Access: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01878980; https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01878980/document; https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01878980/file/2017TOU30024b.pdf

Throughout their lifetime, individuals face two decisions which have major consequences on the reproductive success: where and when to breed. This thesis explores the mechanisms underlying these decisions through three studies based on individual monitoring data in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) and the slender-billed gull (Chroicocephalus genei). The first study addresses hypotheses on dispersal in the kittiwake. The probability of leaving the nest site is sequenced according to the hierarchical structure of habitat patches. A synthetic hypothesis that integrates the costs of dispersal and the use of information on habitat quality is suggested to explain the strategy of habitat selection. The second study uses a population integrated model in the kittiwake to estimate immigration, recruitment, and intermittent reproduction. This study investigates the relationships between social information on the habitat and the decision to breed in a population which is located at the edge of the species range. The third study focuses on recruitment and dispersal in the slender-billed gull which is characterized by a high degree of nomadic breeding. Multievent capture-recapture models are used to quantify sex- and age-dependent variations. These examples enable to address how important the constraints of habitat variability and intraspecific competition are in the process of obtaining a breeding position. Tout au long de leur vie, les individus sont confrontés à deux décisions qui ont des conséquences majeures sur leur succès reproducteur : où et quand se reproduire. Cette thèse étudie les mécanismes sous-jacents à ces décisions, à travers trois études basées sur des données de suivis individuels chez la mouette tridactyle (Rissa tridactyla) et le goéland railleur (Chroicocephalus genei). La première étude porte sur la dispersion chez la mouette tridactyle. La probabilité de quitter le site de reproduction est décomposée selon une structure hiérarchique des patchs d'habitat. Une hypothèse synthétique est ...