Ocean circulation around the Kerguelen plateau: from observation to modeling
Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depth, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the ACC transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the...
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Other Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2009
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431483 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431483/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00431483/file/these_roquet.pdf |
Summary: | Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depth, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the ACC transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder (50 x 10 m3 s-1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn Trough (56°S, 77°E, 2650 m) and Princess Elizabeth Trough (64°S, 82°E, 3650 m). However, our knowledge of the circulation around the Kerguelen Plateau has long been hampered by the lack of observations in this remote area. The goal of this thesis is to improve our knowledge of the mean circulation around the Kerguelen Plateau. A large set of oceanographic tools has thus been used, including the analysis of available observations as well as the use of state-of-the-art numerical models. Hydrographic data obtained using instrumented elephant seals are presented in details, together with a new procedure of calibration and validation of these data. The new circulation scheme obtained from observation analysis is then used to validate a realistic numerical simulation. The importance of deep and bottom water mass properties as well as of the bathymetry for shaping the circulation is outlined. La grande extension méridienne et la faible profondeur du plateau de Kerguelen en font un obstacle majeur à l'écoulement zonal du Courant Circumpolaire Antarctique (CCA) dans le secteur indien de l'océan austral. Tandis que la majorité du transport du CCA est dévié au nord des îles Kerguelen, le reste (50 x 10 m3 s-1) doit passer plus au sud, probablement par les passages profonds du Fawn Trough (56°S, 77°E, 2650 m) et du Princess Elizabeth Trough (64°S, 82°E, 3650 m). Pourtant, le détail de la circulation autour du plateau est longtemps resté méconnu, en raison des difficultés à récolter des données dans cette région éloignée de toute route commerciale, d'un climat particulièrement rude et de la présence de la banquise recouvrant la moitié du ... |
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