Blue mussels’ valve behavior exhibits daily and lunar rhythms during the high Arctic polar day

• Published in: Marine Biology
• Main Authors: Le Moal, Alexandre, Payton, Laura, Andrade, Hector, Camus, Lionel, Ballantine, Carl, Ciret, Pierre, Tran, Damien
• Other Authors: Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Marine Research, Tromso, Akvaplan-Niva Tromsø, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), ANR-15-CE04-0002,WaQMoS,Surveillance de la qualité de eaux côtières à l'aide de molusques bivalves bio-capteurs(2015)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: High Arctic; polar day; mussel; behavior; daily rhythm; lunar rhythm; semi-lunar rhythm; tidal rhythm; [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology; Arctic; Svalbard; Ny-Ålesund; Ny Ålesund
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-04262345; https://hal.science/hal-04262345/document; https://hal.science/hal-04262345/file/Le%20Moal%20et%20al%202023_HAL.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-023-04257-6

Marine species exhibit a multitude of biological rhythms, in accordance with their complex ecosystem governed by sun, earth and moon trajectories. Because of the inclination of the earth’s axis, the high Arctic ecosystem is characterized by several months of permanent illumination during the polar day. The persistence of biological rhythms in this photic context remains unclear. Yet, this information is crucial for the understanding of polar ecosystems functioning, as well as to predict the impact of future climate changes. Particularly, the impact of extreme photoperiods on recent invasive species remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate how environmental cycles shape the behavior of a re-emerging polar resident, the mussel Mytilus sp. during polar day (17 April to 26 August 2020; Svalbard, Ny-Ålesund, 78°56ʹ N, 11°56ʹ E). Our results show that in the high Arctic polar day, mussels’ behavior is shaped by both the photoperiod and the diel sun trajectories above the horizon. In addition, mussels also exhibit tidal, semi-lunar, and lunar rhythms of valve opening amplitude. We argue that these rhythms may have ecosystems functioning implications, and that the mussels’ ability to deal with drastic light regimes may explain their northward expansion and new resettlement in high Arctic.