Holistic view of the seascape dynamics and environment impact on macro-scale genetic connectivity of marine plankton populations.

• Published in: BMC Ecology and Evolution
• Main Authors: Laso-Jadart, Romuald, O'Malley, Michael, Sykulski, Adam M., Ambroise, Christophe, Madoui, Mohammed-Amin
• Other Authors: Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage Evry (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Global Oceans Systems Ecology & Evolution - Tara Oceans (GOSEE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 )-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD France-Nord )-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université australe du Chili, STOR-i Centre for Doctoral Training, Lancaster University, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry (LaMME), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Groupe d'Innovation Diagnostique et Thérapeutique sur les Infections à Prions, Département de Recherche Médicale-DSV/DRM-Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA-Fontenay aux Roses), Biogéosciences UMR 6282 (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives., ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2023
• Subjects: Isolation-by-currents; Marine plankton; Metagenomics; Population genetics; MESH: Animals; MESH: Plankton; MESH: Acclimatization; MESH: Zooplankton; MESH: Genomics; MESH: Atlantic Ocean; MESH: Eukaryota; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; Southern Ocean
• Online Access: https://u-bourgogne.hal.science/hal-04215576; https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-023-02160-8

International audience Background Plankton seascape genomics studies have revealed different trends from large-scale weak differentiation to microscale structures. Previous studies have underlined the influence of the environment and seascape on species differentiation and adaptation. However, these studies have generally focused on a few single species, sparse molecular markers, or local scales. Here, we investigated the genomic differentiation of plankton at the macro-scale in a holistic approach using Tara Oceans metagenomic data together with a reference-free computational method. Results We reconstructed the F ST -based genomic differentiation of 113 marine planktonic taxa occurring in the North and South Atlantic Oceans, Southern Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea. These taxa belong to various taxonomic clades spanning Metazoa, Chromista, Chlorophyta, Bacteria, and viruses. Globally, population genetic connectivity was significantly higher within oceanic basins and lower in bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes than in zooplankton. Using mixed linear models, we tested six abiotic factors influencing connectivity, including Lagrangian travel time, as proxies of oceanic current effects. We found that oceanic currents were the main population genetic connectivity drivers, together with temperature and salinity. Finally, we classified the 113 taxa into parameter-driven groups and showed that plankton taxa belonging to the same taxonomic rank such as phylum, class or order presented genomic differentiation driven by different environmental factors. Conclusion Our results validate the isolation-by-current hypothesis for a non-negligible proportion of taxa and highlight the role of other physicochemical parameters in large-scale plankton genetic connectivity. The reference-free approach used in this study offers a new systematic framework to analyse the population genomics of non-model and undocumented marine organisms from a large-scale and holistic point of view.