Biogeography of Southern Ocean Active Prokaryotic Communities Over a Large Spatial Scale

• Published in: Frontiers in Microbiology
• Main Authors: Maturana-Martínez, Claudia, Iriarte, José, Luis, Ha, Sun-Yong, Lee, Boyeon, Ahn, In-Young, Vernet, Maria, Cape, Mattias, Fernández, Camila, González, Humberto, E, Galand, Pierre, E
• Other Authors: Universidad Austral de Chile, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des environnements benthiques (LECOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California San Diego (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Washington Seattle, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: DNA; RNA; Southern Ocean; fjord; biogeography; [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03831147; https://hal.science/hal-03831147/document; https://hal.science/hal-03831147/file/Maturana%20Frontiers%202022%20Biogeography%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20Active%20Prokaryotic%20Communities%20Over%20a%20Large%20Spatial%20Scale.pdf; https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.862812

International audience The activity of marine microorganisms depends on community composition, yet, in some oceans, less is known about the environmental and ecological processes that structure their distribution. The objective of this study was to test the effect of geographical distance and environmental parameters on prokaryotic community structure in the Southern Ocean (SO). We described the total (16S rRNA gene) and the active fraction (16S rRNA-based) of surface microbial communities over a ~6,500 km longitudinal transect in the SO. We found that the community composition of the total fraction was different from the active fraction across the zones investigated. In addition, higher α-diversity and stronger species turnover were displayed in the active community compared to the total community. Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales, Rhodobacterales, and Flavobacteriales dominated the composition of the bacterioplankton communities; however, there were marked differences at the order level. Temperature, salinity, silicic acid, particulate organic nitrogen, and particulate organic carbon correlated with the composition of bacterioplankton communities. A strong distance–decay pattern between closer and distant communities was observed. We hypothesize that it was related to the different oceanic fronts present in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the complex arrangement that shapes the structure of bacterioplankton communities in the SO.